Table 3.
Hazard ratio (HR) of death and 95% confidence interval (CI) of HR* from multivariate Cox regression analysis for female breast cancer patients
| Hazard ratio, 95% CI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Factor | Level | HR | Lower | Upper | p-value# |
| Demographic | Age (Years) | 18-49 | 1 | |||
| 50-64 | 1.12 | 1.1 | 1.13 | <.0001 | ||
| 65-74 | 1.66 | 1.63 | 1.69 | <.0001 | ||
| ≥75 | 4.00 | 3.93 | 4.07 | <.0001 | ||
| Race | White | 1 | ||||
| Black | 1.31 | 1.29 | 1.33 | <.0001 | ||
| Others | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.8 | <.0001 | ||
| Education (%), did not graduate from high school | ≥29 | 1 | ||||
| 20-28 | 1 | 0.98 | 1.01 | 0.6894 | ||
| 14-19 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.98 | <.0001 | ||
| <14 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.91 | <.0001 | ||
| Clinical characteristic | Stage | Stage I | 1 | |||
| Stage II | 1.82 | 1.8 | 1.84 | <.0001 | ||
| Stage III | 4.5 | 4.45 | 4.56 | <.0001 | ||
| Stage IV | 15.54 | 15.32 | 15.75 | <.0001 | ||
| Charlson Comorbidity | 0 | 1 | ||||
| 1 | 1.43 | 1.41 | 1.46 | <.0001 | ||
| ≥2 | 2.27 | 2.19 | 2.34 | <.0001 | ||
| Unknown | 1.24 | 1.22 | 1.25 | <.0001 | ||
| Access to health care | Payer Status | Uninsured | 1 | |||
| Private | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.65 | <.0001 | ||
| Medicaid | 1.11 | 1.08 | 1.15 | <.0001 | ||
| Medicare | 0.85 | 0.82 | 0.87 | <.0001 | ||
| Unknown | 0.78 | 0.76 | 0.81 | <.0001 | ||
| Income ($1000) | <30 | 1 | ||||
| 30-34 | 0.96 | 0.95 | 0.98 | <.0001 | ||
| 35-45 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.96 | <.0001 | ||
| ≥46 | 0.89 | 0.88 | 0.91 | <.0001 | ||
| Distance Travelled (Miles) | <10 | 1 | ||||
| 10-24 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 0.98 | <.0001 | ||
| 25-49 | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.96 | <.0001 | ||
| 50-99 | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.95 | <.0001 | ||
| ≥100 | 0.9 | 0.87 | 0.93 | <.0001 | ||
| Cancer Program | Community | 1 | ||||
| Comprehensive | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.96 | <.0001 | ||
| Academic Research | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.92 | <.0001 | ||
| Others | 1.08 | 1.05 | 1.11 | <.0001 | ||
| Diagnosing/Treating Facility | Same | 1 | ||||
| Different | 0.91 | 0.9 | 0.92 | <.0001 | ||
| Treatment Delay (Days) | 0-5 | 1 | ||||
| 6-20 | 0.93 | 0.92 | 0.94 | <.0001 | ||
| 21-30 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.92 | <.0001 | ||
| ≥31 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.99 | <.0001 | ||
*HR: Hazard Ratio of death. CI: Confidence Interval.
#p-value: Chi-test of HR is significantly different from 1 (the reference group of each factor).
For example, HR = 0.64 (0.62-0.65) for private payer status indicated that, adjusting for stage, age, race, etc. the patient with private payer status has a 36% (1–0.64 = 0.36) lower risk of dying compared to uninsured payer status.