Table 2. A: Cause-specific contributions to differences in life expectancy between New York City and United States and to changes in these differences, males: 1990, 2000, and 2010 (in years).

Cause of death	1990^a NYC – US	2000^a NYC – US	2010^a NYC – US	Change^b 1990 to 2000	Change^b 2000 to 2010	Change^b 1990 to 2010

	Males

HIV/AIDS	−1.651	−0.592	−0.224	1.059	0.368	1.427
Other infectious diseases	−0.332	−0.039	0.048	0.293	0.087	0.380
Lung cancer	0.177	0.283	0.243	0.106	−0.040	0.066
Breast, colon, prostate, rectal, and anal cancer	−0.023	−0.033	−0.051	−0.010	−0.018	−0.028
All other cancers	−0.102	0.114	0.156	0.216	0.042	0.258
Mental disorders	−0.125	−0.033	0.110	0.092	0.143	0.235
Nervous system and sense organ, incl. Alzheimer's	0.052	0.200	0.294	0.148	0.094	0.242
Circulatory diseases	−0.636	−0.547	−0.397	0.089	0.150	0.239
Respiratory diseases	−0.165	0.246	0.226	0.411	−0.020	0.391
Diseases of the digestive system	−0.228	0.053	0.159	0.281	0.106	0.387
Diseases of the genitourinary system	−0.112	−0.003	0.125	0.109	0.128	0.237
Perinatal conditions	−0.216	−0.035	0.025	0.181	0.060	0.241
Homicide	−0.855	−0.166	−0.066	0.689	0.100	0.789
Other external causes	0.481	0.621	0.862	0.140	0.241	0.381
Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions	−0.496	−0.037	0.118	0.459	0.155	0.614
All other causes	−0.039	0.073	0.101	0.112	0.028	0.140
Life expectancy at birth	−4.269	0.105	1.728	4.374	1.623	5.997
Drug- and alcohol-related causes	—	−0.229	0.107	—	0.336	—
Non–drug- and alcohol-related causes	—	0.334	1.621	—	1.287	—

^aNumbers may not add up because of rounding. Based on pooled data over two years 1989–1990, 1999–2000, and 2009–2010.
^bPositive numbers indicate a decline in the cause-specific contribution and negative numbers indicate an increase in the cause-specific contribution to the difference in life expectancy between New York City and United States.
SOURCE: Calculations by the authors.

Table 2B: Cause-Specific Contributions To Differences In Life Expectancy Between New York City And United States And To Changes In These Differences, Females: 1990, 2000, And 2010 (In Years)

Cause of death	1990^a NYC –US	2000^a NYC – US	2010^a NYC – US	Change^b 1990 to 2000	Change^b 2000 to 2010	Change^b 1990 to 2010

	Females

HIV/AIDS	−0.455	−0.318	−0.130	0.137	0.188	0.325
Other infectious diseases	−0.166	0.012	0.089	0.178	0.077	0.255
Lung cancer	0.117	0.193	0.232	0.076	0.039	0.115
Breast, colon, prostate, rectal, and anal cancer	−0.083	−0.046	0.003	0.037	0.049	0.086
All other cancers	−0.066	0.032	0.082	0.098	0.050	0.148
Mental disorders	0.026	0.112	0.309	0.086	0.197	0.283
Nervous system and sense organ, incl. Alzheimer's	0.086	0.272	0.436	0.186	0.164	0.350
Circulatory diseases	−0.822	−0.487	−0.385	0.335	0.102	0.437
Respiratory diseases	−0.110	0.235	0.342	0.345	0.107	0.452
Diseases of the digestive system	−0.009	0.131	0.184	0.140	0.053	0.193
Diseases of the genitourinary system	−0.082	0.036	0.147	0.118	0.111	0.229
Perinatal conditions	−0.200	−0.046	0.002	0.154	0.048	0.202
Homicide	−0.107	−0.003	0.010	0.104	0.013	0.117
Other external causes	0.216	0.319	0.468	0.103	0.149	0.252
Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions	−0.186	0.046	0.134	0.232	0.088	0.320
All other causes	0.046	0.134	0.135	0.088	0.001	0.089
Life expectancy at birth	−1.797	0.622	2.061	2.419	1.439	3.858
Drug- and alcohol-related causes	—	−0.017	0.160	—	0.177	—
Non–drug- and alcohol-related causes	—	0.639	1.901	—	1.262	—

Numbers may not add up because of rounding. Based on pooled data over two years 1989–1990, 1999–2000, and 2009–2010.

Positive numbers indicate a decline in the cause-specific contribution and negative numbers indicate an increase in the cause-specific contribution to the difference in life expectancy between New York City and United States.

SOURCE: Calculations by the authors.