Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis of candidate predictors of laboratory-confirmed dengue.
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full model with all candidate predictors | Final model based on stability selection | ||||||||
| OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | p | |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||||
| Age (by + 1 year) | 1.24 | 1.22–1.26 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 1.18–1.24 | <0.001 | 1.15 | 1.13–1.17 | <0.001 |
| Sex: Male | 0.99 | 0.89–1.11 | 0.909 | 0.94 | 0.81–1.09 | 0.432 | - | - | - |
| BMI (by +1) | 1.09 | 1.07–1.11 | <0.001 | 1.06 | 1.04–1.09 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| History and clinical characteristics | |||||||||
| Day of illness (+1 day) | 1.45 | 1.34–1.56 | <0.001 | 0.78 | 0.70–0.87 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Temperature (by +1°C) | 1.23 | 1.14–1.32 | <0.001 | 1.28 | 1.16–1.40 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Vomiting = Yes | 1.37 | 1.22–1.54 | <0.001 | 1.31 | 1.12–1.52 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Abdominal pain = Yes | 1.24 | 1.07–1.42 | 0.004 | 0.91 | 0.76–1.10 | 0.349 | - | - | - |
| Skin bleeding = Yes | 4.82 | 3.87–5.99 | <0.001 | 2.08 | 1.53–2.84 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Mucosal bleeding = Yes | 2.83 | 2.15–3.73 | <0.001 | 1.02 | 0.67–1.53 | 0.934 | - | - | - |
| Flush = Yes | 2.02 | 1.75–2.34 | <0.001 | 1.37 | 1.11–1.69 | 0.003 | - | - | - |
| Hepatomegaly = Yes | 2.85 | 0.87–9.36 | 0.086 | 0.58 | 0.05–7.08 | 0.687 | - | - | - |
| Rash = Yes | 2.02 | 1.75–2.34 | <0.001 | 1.23 | 0.78–1.93 | 0.381 | - | - | - |
| Injection = Yes | 2.40 | 2.05–2.81 | <0.001 | 1.58 | 1.25–1.99 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Laboratory results | |||||||||
| WBC (+103/mm3) | 0.70 | 0.68–0.71 | <0.001 | 0.77 | 0.75–0.80 | <0.001 | 0.78 | 0.76–0.80 | <0.001 |
| PLT (+104/mm3) | 0.87 | 0.86–0.88 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.95–0.98 | <0.001 | 0.94 | 0.93–0.95 | <0.001 |
| HCT (+1%) | 1.12 | 1.10–1.14 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.95–0.99 | 0.013 | - | - | - |
| ALB (+1g/l) | 0.97 | 0.95–0.99 | 0.004 | 1.00 | 0.98–1.03 | 0.787 | - | - | - |
| AST (per 2-fold increase) | 3.65 | 3.23–4.14 | <0.001 | 3.50 | 2.97–4.13 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| CK (per 2-fold increase) | 1.33 | 1.24–1.43 | <0.001 | 0.84 | 0.76–0.93 | <0.001 | - | - | - |
BMI: body mass index; WBC: white blood cell count; PLT: platelet count; HCT: hematocrit; ALB: albumin; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; CK: creatine kinase