Table 4. Operative data.

First author	Cross-clamp (min)	CPB (min)	MS (%)	MT (%)	CS (%)	CABG (%)	19 mm valve (%)	21 mm valve (%)	23 mm valve (%)	25 mm valve (%)	27 mm valve (%)
Santarpino	38.9±13.7	68.9±20.2	NR	NR	NR	35.2	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Shrestha	30.1±9.0	58.7±20.9	72	0	28	0	0	24	79	0	0
Kocher	46.6±16.4	75.1±26.4	30.1	0.7	69.9	24.7	0.7	34.2	35.6	24	5.5
Gilmanov	59.3±19	92.3±27	0	100	0	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Eichstaedt	42±15	71±29	16.7	3.3	80	25	1.7	15	40	26.7	15
Concistre	55.3±29	86.8±38	58	9	33	NR	0	16	42	38	0
Folliguet	33.5±14.9	54.5±24.2	21.6	0	78.4	40	0	15.4	53.8	30.8	0
D’Onofrio	50±20	74±26	26.7	21.6	70.6	31.6	NR	44.7	55.3	57.9	NR
Martens	58.1±25	84.9±34.2	19	1	80	18.6	2.9	26.4	30	25.7	11.4
Flameng	22±8.5*	46±24*	0	0	100	50	0	21.8	78.1	0	0
Breitenbach	70±23	111±42	0	0	100	18.8	0	34.4	65.6	0	0
Doss	70±23	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Pooled mean [range]	45 [22-70]	73 [46-111]	20.1 [0-72]	16.8 [0-100]	64.0 [0-100]	28.4 [0-50]	1.0 [0-2.9]	23.6 [15-44.7]	46.3 [30-79]	24.7 [0-57.9]	5.7 [0-15]

MS, ministernotomy; MT, minithoracotomy; CS, conventional sternotomy; NR, not reported.