| Systematic monitoring of retention |
| Use of peer or paraprofessional navigators to re-engage patients in care and help them to remain in care |
| Provision of reminders for all visits and expansion of appointment availability |
| ART Adherence |
| Periodic monitoring of medication adherence among patients using HIV viral load, patient self-report, and pharmacy refill data |
| Optimization of ART regimens that are consistent with patient preferences |
| Optimization of pharmaceutical supply chain management systems to prevent ARV drug stock-outs |
| Provision of reminder devices and tools |
| Provision of general education and counseling |
| Engagement of peer, family, and community support to improve patient knowledge and beliefs about HIV infection and to improve medication adherence |
| Provision of case management to address food and housing instability, transportation, insurance problems, and any other high direct or indirect health care costs. |
| Provision of ancillary services targeting those with substance abuse and mental illness |
