Table 1.

Accepted Studies and Results

Treatment	Patients (n)	Mean CFR or MPR Baseline	Mean CFR or MPR with Therapy	Treatment Duration	Mode of Assessing CFR or MPR	Findings	Authors
ACE Inhibitors
Quinapril	13	2.2 ± 0.3	2.7 ± 0.5	4 months	IC Doppler	Improvement in angina and CFR	Pauly et al. 2011 (41)
Statins
Pravastatin	6	0.97	NA	6 months	IC Doppler	No improvement in CFR	Houghton et al. 2000 (49)
Nitric Oxide Inhibitors
L-Arginine infusion	12	2.0 ± 0.5	NA	one time infusion	PET Scan	No improvement in MPR	Bøttcher et al 1999. (56)
Sildenafil	12	2.1 ± 0.2	2.7 ± 0.6	one time administration	IC Doppler	Improvement in CFR	Denardo et al. 2011 (55)
Calcium Blockers
Diltiazem infusion	5	1.2 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.2	one time infusion	Thermodilution	No improvement in CFR	Sutsch et al. 1995 (46)
Estrogens
Norethindrone/ethinyl estradiol	18	<2.25	NA	12 weeks	IC Doppler	Improvement in angina	Bairey Merz et al. 2010 (62)
Alpha Blockers
Doxazosin	10	1.84 ± 0.55	NA	10 weeks	Thermodilution	No improvement in symptoms	Bøtker et al. 1998 (60)
Other
TENS	8	1.59 ± 0.15	1.90 ± 0.1	4 weeks	PET Scan	Improvement in angina and MPR	Jessurun et al. 2003 (64)

Review of the different studies that have met our strict inclusion criteria for CMD in patients with angina and no obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease. CFR = coronary flow reserve, MPR = myocardial perfusion reserve, PET = positron emission tomography, MVD = microvascular dysfunction, TENS = transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation