Table 1. Class I PI3K isoform alterations in cancer.
| Alteration Type | Cancer Type | Frequency of Alteration | Sample Size Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class IA | |||
|
| |||
| PIK3CA (p110α) | |||
|
| |||
| Mutation | Endometrial | 10.3-53.0% | 29-232 |
| Breast | 7.1-35.5% | 65-507 | |
| Ovarian | 33.0% | 97 | |
| Colorectal | 16.9†-30.6% | 72-195 | |
| Bladder | 5.0-20.0% | 20-130 | |
| Lung | 0.6-20.0% | 5-183 | |
| Cervical | 13.6% | 22 | |
| Glioblastoma | 4.3-11.0% | 91-291 | |
| Head and neck | 8.1-9.4% | 32-74 | |
| Esophageal | 5.5% | 145 | |
| Melanoma | 5.0% | 121 | |
| Prostate | 1.3-3.6% | 55-156 | |
| Sarcoma | 2.9% | 207 | |
| Renal | 1.0-2.9% | 98-417 | |
| Liver | 1.6% | 125 | |
| Megalencephaly‡ | 48.0% | 50 | |
|
| |||
| Copy number gain/amplification | Head and neck | 9.1-100% | 11-117 |
| Cervical | 9.1-76.4% | 22-55 | |
| Lung | 9.5-69.6% | 3-92 | |
| Lymphoma | 16.7-68.2% | 22-60 | |
| Ovarian | 13.3-39.8% | 60-93 | |
| Gastric | 36.4% | 55 | |
| Thyroid | 30.0% | 110 | |
| Prostate | 28.1% | 32 | |
| Breast | 8.7-13.4% | 92-209 | |
| Glioblastoma | 1.9-12.2% | 139-206 | |
| Endometrial | 10.3% | 29 | |
| Thyroid | 9.4% | 128 | |
| Esophageal | 5.7% | 87 | |
| Leukemia | 5.6% | 161 | |
|
| |||
| Increased expression | Prostate | 40.0% | 25 |
|
| |||
| PIK3CB (p110β) | |||
|
| |||
| Mutation | Breast | 0.5% | 183 |
|
| |||
| Copy number gain/amplification | Lung | 56.5% | 46 |
| Thyroid | 42.3% | 97 | |
| Ovarian | 5-26.9% | NA-93 | |
| Lymphoma | 20.0% | 60 | |
| Glioblastoma | 5.8% | 103 | |
| Breast | 4.9-5% | NA-81 | |
|
| |||
| Increased expression | Prostate | 46.7% | 30 |
| Glioblastoma | 3.9% | 103 | |
|
| |||
| PIK3CD (p110δ) | |||
|
| |||
| Copy number gain | Glioblastoma | 40.0% | 10 |
|
| |||
| Increased expression | Neuroblastoma | 52.6% | 19 |
| Glioblastoma | 5.8% | 103 | |
|
| |||
| PIK3R1 (p85α, p55α, p50α) | |||
|
| |||
| Mutation | Endometrial | 19.8-32.8% | 108-243 |
| Pancreatic | 16.7% | 6 | |
| Glioblastoma | 7.6-11.3% | 91-291 | |
| Colorectal | 4.6†-8.3% | 108-195 | |
| Melanoma | 4.4% | 68 | |
| Ovarian | 3.8% | 80 | |
| Esophageal | 3.4% | 145 | |
| Breast | 1.1-2.8% | 62-507 | |
| Colon | 1.7% | 60 | |
|
| |||
| Decreased expression | Breast | 61.8% | 458 |
| Prostate | 17-75%* | NA | |
| Lung | 19-46%* | NA | |
| Ovarian | 22%* | NA | |
| Breast | 18%* | NA | |
| Bladder | 18%* | NA | |
|
| |||
| Copy number loss | Ovarian | 21.5% | 93 |
|
| |||
| PIK3R2 (p85β) | |||
|
| |||
| Mutation | Endometrial | 4.9% | 243 |
| Colorectal | 0.9% | 108 | |
| Megalencephaly‡ | 22.0% | 50 | |
|
| |||
| Amplification | Lymphoma | 23.3% | 60 |
|
| |||
| Increased expression | Colon | 55.0% | 20 |
| Breast | 45.7% | 35 | |
|
| |||
| PIK3R3 (p55γ) | |||
|
| |||
| Copy number gain | Ovarian | 15.0% | 93 |
|
| |||
| Class IB | |||
|
| |||
| PIK3CG (p110γ) | |||
|
| |||
| Copy number gain | Ovarian | 19.3% | 93 |
|
| |||
| Increased expression | Breast | 77.5% | 40 |
| Prostate | 72.4% | 29 | |
| Medulloblastoma | 52.9% | 17 | |
|
| |||
| PIK3R5 (p101) | |||
|
| |||
| Mutation | Melanoma | 38.2% | 68 |
| Gastric | 2.7% | 37 | |
For further detail and references, see the expanded version of this table online (Supplemental Table 1).
‡
Megalencephaly syndromes are a collection of sporadic overgrowth disorders characterized by enlarged brain size and other distinct features.
†
Combined number of hypermutated and non-hypermutated colon and colorectal patient samples with mutations in the indicated gene.
*
Represents the percent reduction in gene expression.
NA Sample size not available for this study.