Table 1.

Descriptive characteristics of the overall study population and for patients with CHF, COPD, and DM.

	All patients	CHF	COPD	DM
N	1,704,616	31,675	78,530	240,378
Gender, % female	59.8%	44.5%	52.5%	49.4%
Age, mean (SD)	58.7 (11.9)	71.7 (11.4)	65.8 (11.6)	62.9 (11.2)
Number of ADGs, mean (SD)	7.83 (3.55)	10.98 (3.89)	10.55 (3.81)	8.73 (3.77)
Payer type distribution
Commercial	95.3%	90.3%	90.5%	92.7%
Medicare	4.2%	8.5%	8.5%	6.5%
other/unknown	0.5%	1.2%	1.0%	0.8%
Product type distribution
HMO	5.4%	2.2%	4.3%	4.7%
PPO	52.9%	50.5%	48.6%	51.7%
other/unknown	41.7%	47.3%	47.1%	43.6%
Mean number of MD/DOs seen during 2008 (SD)	3.49 (1.81)	4.93 (2.56)	4.42 (2.35)	4.06 (2.12)
Saw a Primary Care Provider during 2008, %	81.6%	78.5%	82.8%	82.2%
Percent of visits with usual provider of care during 2008, mean (SD)	63.3 (25.4)	53.5 (22.6)	58.2 (24.2)	60.4 (24.5)