. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015 Feb 3;24(4):720–726. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0969

Table 2. Factors associated with diagnosis of cancer at stage IV^*.

Variable		Stage IV (%)	Crude odds ratios for stage IV	95% confidence intervals	p^*	Adjusted odds ratios for stage IV	95% confidence intervals	p^*
Fatalism (per one unit increase 4-16 scale)			1.05	1.02-1.08	0.001	1.05	1.02-1.08	0.003

Sex	Men	22.6	-		0.015	-		<0.001
Sex	Women	19.6	0.83	0.72-0.97	0.015	0.73	0.61-0.86

Age at diagnosis	<55	24.6	-		<0.001	-		<0.001
	55-59	24.1	0.97	0.76-1.24		0.93	0.72-1.20
	60-64	23.7	0.95	0.75-1.21		0.88	0.69-1.14
	65-69	20.0	0.76	0.60-0.97		0.72	0.56-0.93
	70-74	21.8	0.85	0.67-1.09		0.83	0.63-1.08
	75-80	16.8	0.62	0.47-0.81		0.60	0.44-0.80
	80 or more	13.3	0.47	0.34-0.64		0.48	0.34-0.67

Race/ethnicity	White	20.3	-		0.204	-		0.87
	Hispanic	23.6	1.20	0.91-1.59		1.18	0.86-1.62
	Black	23.5	1.20	0.97-1.48		1.03	0.82-1.30
	Asian	24.5	1.27	0.91-1.78		1.11	0.77-1.60
	Other	23.9	1.24	0.80-1.91		1.09	0.70-1.72

Education	<High school	20.4	-		0.019	-		0.099
	High school/some college	22.6	1.14	0.93-1.40		1.23	0.98-1.53
	≥College degree	18.5	0.89	0.70-1.13		1.06	0.80-1.41

Income (US $)	<20,000	23.0	-		0.50	-		0.82
	20,000 - 39,999	21.9	0.92	0.75-1.12		0.97	0.78-1.20
	40,000 - 59,999	20.4	0.86	0.69-1.08		0.89	0.68-1.15
	≥60,000	20.3	0.88	0.71-1.07		0.91	0.70-1.19

Study site	5 Integrated health-care delivery systems	20.1	-		0.001	-		0.134
	8 counties in Northern California	23.1	1.19	0.93-1.53		1.20	0.93-1.56
	Los Angeles County	20.6	1.03	0.80-1.32		0.97	0.74-1.26
	State of Alabama	23.3	1.20	0.90-1.61		1.11	0.82-1.51
	22 counties in North Carolina	13.5	0.62	0.44-0.86		0.85	0.59-1.21
	State of Iowa	23.2	1.20	0.89-1.63		0.82	0.59-1.13
	15 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers	23.8	1.24	0.93-1.65		1.00	0.73-1.37

Married/living with partner	Yes	20.7	-		0.28	-		0.134
Married/living with partner	No	22.1	1.09	0.94-1.26	0.28	1.13	0.95-1.34

Smoking status	Never smoker	18.8	-		<0.001	-		0.109
	Ex-smoker	21.2	1.16	0.98-1.37		0.89	0.73-1.09
	Current smoker	27.5	1.63	1.28-2.09		1.13	0.85-1.49

Co-morbidities	0	23.9	-		0.004	-		0.003
	1	20.2	0.81	0.68-0.97		0.78	0.65-0.94
	2	18.8	0.74	0.59-0.92		0.70	0.56-0.89
	≥3	17.9	0.69	0.53-0.90		0.65	0.48-0.87

Cancer site	Lung	27.6	-		<0.001	-		<0.001
Cancer site	Colorectal	16.2	0.51	0.44-0.59	<0.001	0.44	0.36-0.52	<0.001

Symptoms at diagnosis	Yes	23.4	2.33	1.85-2.94	<0.001
Symptoms at diagnosis	No	11.6	-		<0.001

Health status a year before interview (0-100)			1.00	1.00-1.01	0.028	1.00	1.00-1.01	0.223

From univariable or multivariable regression, as applicable. Multivariable regression models adjusted for all variables in the table except symptom status at diagnosis.

Table 2. Factors associated with diagnosis of cancer at stage IV*.

Table 2. Factors associated with diagnosis of cancer at stage IV^*.