TABLE 3.

Baseline characteristics of subjects requiring ECMO, CPR, E-CPR, or neither interventions (none) within the first 30 days after Norwood procedure

Variable	CPR (37)	ECMO (49)	E-CPR (36)	None (427)	P
Birth weight, kg	2.89 ± .7	3.12 ± .6	2.95 ± .6	3.13 ± .5	.09
Birth weight <2.5 kg	10 (27%)	9 (18%)	11 (31%)	46 (11%)	<.001
Gestational age, wk	37.6 ± 2.1	38.2 ± 1.7	37.9 ± 1.5	38.2 ± 1.6	.20
Age at Norwood procedure, d	6.2 ± 3.6	5.0 ± 3.0	4.8 ± 2.8	5.9 ± 4.3	.11
Ascending aorta, mm*	3.1 ± 1.4	2.8 ± 1.5	2.9 ± 1.8	3.2 ± 1.8	.27
TR ≥2.5 mm, preoperative%†	3 (9%)	3(6%)	4 (13%)	25 (6%)	.47
Fractional area change, preoperative, %‡	49 ± 11	46 ± 8	47 ± 8	46 ± 9	.34
Incidence of event within shunt type
MBTS (268)	23 (9%)	27 (10%)	22 (8%)	196 (73%)
RVPAS (281)	14 (5%)	22 (8%)	14 (5%)	231 (82%)
P	.13	.37	.17

ECMO, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; E-CPR, ECMO required to restore circulation during CPR; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; MBTS, modified Blalock Taussig shunt; RVPAS, right ventricular to pulmonary artery shunt.

^*Ascending aorta size by surgeon observation.

^†Sample sizes for TR are CPR, 31; ECMO, 48; E-CPR, 35; None, 392.

^‡Sample sizes for fractional area change are CPR, 30; ECMO, 45; E-CPR, 34; None, 394.