The AldeRed-588-A substrate provides a useful tool to select stem cells and opens up prospects for the next generation of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) substrates. A: Aldefluor and AldeRed-588-A have the same capacity to isolate an ALDHbright cell population enriched in stem cells from a heterogeneous mixture of cells. B: AldeRed-588-A can be used for multicolor applications to fractionate ALDHbright cells in the presence of green fluorophores, including the Aldefluor reagent and cells expressing enhanced green-fluorescent protein (eGFP) and can be visualized by fluorescent microscopy. C: emerging opportunities in generating preferred labeled substrates with different fluorescent probes. D: distinguishing distinct cell populations from a digested tissue on the basis of the specificity of the ALDH substrate might help in fractionating the different category of cells with ALDH activity referring to a certain physiological state. ALDHbright, cells with high ALDH activity; ALDHdim, low-ALDH-activity fraction; FSC, forward-scattered light; SSC, side-scattered light.