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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Psychiatr Res. 2015 Jan 14;62:7–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.01.002

Table 3.

Lifetime Mood/Anxiety and Substance Use Disorders by level of GBVa exposure (Number of Types, Number of Incidents), and Age at First GBV Exposure.

Any mood/Anxiety disorder (n = 9536) Any substance use disorder (n = 4818)


Adjusted odds ratiosb

Model 1c Model 2d Model 1c Model 2d
Number of GBV types – count 2.46 (2.39, 2.54) 1.95 (1.86, 2.03) 1.75 (1.70, 1.80) 1.48 (1.41, 1.56)
0 (n = 14,805) REFe REF REF REF
1 (n = 3257) 2.84 (2.69, 2.99) 3.07 (2.60, 3.64) 2.07 (1.96, 2.20) 1.81 (1.52, 2.14)
2 (n = 1523) 5.12 (4.80, 5.46) 4.55 (3.85, 5.37) 3.06 (2.88, 3.25) 2.39 (2.01, 2.84)
3 (n = 482) 13.89 (11.47, 16.80) 11.43 (9.07–14.40) 4.33 (3.80, 4.92) 3.28 (2.65, 4.05)
Number of incidents -count 1.65 (1.62, 1.68) 1.18 (1.15, 1.21) 1.38 (1.36, 1.40) 1.13 (1.10, 1.16)
0 (n = 14,805) REF REF REF REF
1 (n = 1490) 2.29 (2.16, 2.43) 0.76 (0.64, 0.89) 1.89 (1.76, 2.03) 1.06 (0.88, 1.27)
2–3 (n = 1167) 3.37 (3.14, 3.62) 0.93 (0.79, 1.09) 2.41 (2.26, 2.58) 1.19 (1.004,1.41)
4–9 (n = 903) 4.08 (3.76, 4.44) 1.05 (0.88, 1.25) 2.60 (2.36, 2.86) 1.22 (1.02, 1.46)
10+ (n = 1313) 6.30 (5.76, 6.90) 1.49 (1.26, 1.76) 3.29 (3.03, 3.58) 1.46 (1.23, 1.74)
Age of earliest GBV:
 2–10 18.19 (9.73, 34.01) 8.49 (3.10, 22.54)
 11–14 9.34 (4.90, 17.98) 8.21 (3.02, 22.30)
 15–17 7.52 (4.02, 14.09) 7.23 (2.68, 19.48)
 18–24 4.23 (2.25, 7.96) 3.56 (1.29, 9.79)
 25–34 2.54 (1.34, 4.74) 2.07 (0.75, 5.68)
 35–44 2.20 (1.21, 4.00) 0.93 (0.29, 2.98)
 45+ REF REF
a

GBV = Gender-based violence.

b

All models were adjusted for demographics (age, ethnicity/race, education, income, marital status).

c

Model 1 includes number of types or number of incidents plus covariates.

d

Model 2 includes both number of types and number of incidents plus covariates.

e

REF = Reference category.