Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics at Baseline.*
| Characteristic | Atenolol (N = 303) | Losartan (N = 305) |
|---|---|---|
| Age — yr | 11.5±6.5 | 11.0±6.2 |
| Young adult — no. (%)† | 76 (25) | 75 (25) |
| Male sex — no. (%) | 180 (59) | 186 (61) |
| Race — no. (%)‡ | ||
| White | 266 (88) | 260 (85) |
| Black | 21 (7) | 25 (8) |
| Asian | 6 (2) | 10 (3) |
| Other | 10 (3) | 10 (3) |
| Hispanic — no./total no. (%)‡ | 36/302 (12) | 46/305 (15) |
| Presence of causal FBN1 mutation — no. (%) | ||
| Yes | 93 (31) | 88 (29) |
| No | 9 (3) | 15 (5) |
| Unknown | 201 (66) | 202 (66) |
| Family history of Marfan's syndrome — no./total no. (%) | 180/295 (61) | 181/290 (62) |
| Echocardiography findings§ | ||
| Maximum aortic-root diameter — cm | 3.4±0.7 | 3.4±0.7 |
| Maximum aortic-root-diameter z score | ||
| Median | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Interquartile range | 3.5-4.8 | 3.3-5.0 |
| ≥4.5 — no./total no. (%) | 106/303 (35) | 114/304 (38) |
| Medical history — no. (%) | ||
| Cardiac surgery | 6 (2) | 6 (2) |
| Cardiovascular disorder¶ | 39 (13) | 36 (12) |
| Prior use of beta-blocker | 173 (57) | 171 (56) |
| Endocrine disorder∥ | 7 (2) | 0 |
| Neurodevelopmental disorder** | 56 (18) | 61 (20) |
| Psychiatric disorder†† | 23 (8) | 16 (5) |
Data are adapted from Lacro et al.21 Plus-minus values are means ±SD. The demographic and clinical characteristics did not differ significantly between the two treatment groups (P>0.20 for all comparisons), with the exception of a history of an endocrine disorder (P=0.007).
Young adults were defined as male participants who were 16 to 25 years of age and female participants who were 15 to 25 years of age.
Race or ethnic group was reported by the participant or a family member at the time of enrollment.
Data are based on readings at a central echocardiographic laboratory. Echocardiographic data were missing for one participant in the losartan group because of an unreadable echocardiogram.
Cardiovascular disorder was defined by exercise intolerance; syncope; arrhythmia, hypertension, or hypotension requiring therapy; chest pain; shortness of breath; or other cardiovascular conditions.
Endocrine disorder was defined by either the use of hormone therapy to limit growth or delayed puberty.
Neurodevelopmental disorder was defined as attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder requiring therapy, developmental delay requiring therapy, learning disability requiring services, or other neurodevelopmental conditions.
Psychiatric disorder was defined as depression requiring therapy, anxiety, or other psychiatric conditions.