Table 1.
Demographics.
| Group 1 |
Group 2 |
Group 3 |
Significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sibs-ASD |
Sibs-TD |
No-Sibs |
||
| (n = 21) | (n = 27) | (n = 21) | ||
| Gender (n) | ||||
| Male | 14 | 22 | 18 | NS |
| Female | 7 | 5 | 3 | |
| Ethnicity (n) | ||||
| White | 17 (81.0%) | 17 (63.0%) | 14 (66.7%) | NS |
| Hispanic/Latino | 3 (14.3%) | 2 (7.4%) | 3 (14.3%) | |
| African American | 1 (4.8%) | 3 (11.1%) | 1 (4.8%) | |
| Biracial | – | 2 (7.4%) | 1 (4.8%) | |
| Unknown | – | 3 (11.1%) | 2 (9.1%) | |
| Mean age at evaluation | 25.1 (4.1%) | 25.5 (4.3%) | 26.3 (5.2%) | NS |
| Mean age at screening | 21.9 (4.2%) | 21.9 (3.8%) | 21.8 (4.1%) | NS |
| Diagnosis (n) | ||||
| Autistic disorder | 10 | 10 | 10 | NS |
| PDD-NOS | 9 | 14 | 9 | |
| ASD-low mental age | 2 | 3 | 2 | |
| Mullen mean T-score (SD) | ||||
| Expressive Language | 30.3 (12.1)* | 25.2 (9.6) | 21.6 (2.2)* | F = 4.62, p = .01 |
| Receptive Language | 30.2 (12.6) | 23.5 (10.6) | 23.1 (6.2) | NS |
| Visual Reception | 33.8 (13.3)* | 29.9 (8.9) | 25.6 (7.0)* | F = 3.37, p = .04 |
| CARS | ||||
| Mean total score (SD) | 31.7 (5.4) | 32.1 (4.5) | 31.8 (5.5) | NS |
| Mean maternal age at birth (SD) | 34.4 (3.9)* | 30.9 (4.6)* | 27.3 (6.0)* | F = 11.04, p < .01 |
| Mean years maternal education (SD) | 15.1 (2.7) | 13.9 (2.6) | 14.5 (2.1) | NS |
ASD: autism spectrum disorder; TD: typically developing; PDD-NOS: pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified; SD: standard deviation; CARS: Child Autism Rating Scale.
*
Significant at p < .05 level.