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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nano Today. 2014 Dec 1;9(6):695–704. doi: 10.1016/j.nantod.2014.10.003

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Modified Ussing chamber system. The multilayered cell culture (MCC) was secured into the Ussing chamber by an O-ring and an adapter and the top of the MCC was faced to donor chamber. Each chamber was connected to the reservoir with silicone tubing. The culture medium in each chamber was circulated by a pump. The supporting membrane with a mesh size of 40 μm was used to prevent the separation of the MCC from the culture insert by pressure gradients. The whole system was maintained at 37 °C by a heat block (not shown in the figure).