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. 2014 Oct 1;26:32. doi: 10.1186/s40557-014-0032-1

Table 3.

Odds ratios (OR) of presenteeism by employment type

  Presenteeism
Crude OR 95% CI Adjusted OR* 95% CI
Employment type
 Paid worker 1.00 (Reference) 1.00 (Reference)
 Self-employed worker 1.56 1.48-1.65 1.27 1.19-1.36

*Adjusted for gender, age, education, income, alcohol intake, smoking, hours worked per week, subjective health status, and all variables estimating one’s working condition and physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and emotional factors.