TABLE 3 ] .

Structural Intervention Types and Examples

Structural Intervention Type	Example
Physical design attributes
ICU layout	Ambient noise in ICU61
Materials
Equipment	Central line insertion cart11
Medications	Antibiotics on unit for severe sepsis62
Human resources
Staff number	Interdisciplinary rounding with clinical pharmacists45
Staff education	Simulation-based learning for medication administration30
Organizational strategies
Provider organization	Closed-ICU physician staffing model12,44,63
Policies	Transfusion policy58
Protocols	Paired sedation and ventilator weaning protocol64
Decision support	Daily reminders to remove urinary catheters37
Communication tools	Daily goals46
Monitoring and feedback system	Weekly feedback regarding sepsis care65