Table 1. Characteristics of the participants at the time of the baseline survey in 2007 and during the next 4-year follow-up period.
| Total | Progress Group | Stable Group | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | 453 | 146 (32.23) | 307 (67.77) | |
| Age (year) | 66.66±15.21 | 68.32±14.86 | 65.87±15.33 | 0.02 |
| Male Gender | 166 (36.64) | 56 (38.36) | 110 (35.83) | 0.60 |
| Above high school | 232 (51.21) | 76(52.05) | 156(50.81) | 0.50 |
| Diabetes onset age (year) | 58.16±15.69 | 60.05±15.55 | 57.26±15.70 | 0.03 |
| Diabetes duration (year) | 8.49±6.08 | 8.27±6.29 | 8.60±5.98 | 0.36 |
| Obesity | 80 (17.66) | 24 (16.44) | 56 (18.24) | 0.64 |
| High blood pressure | 197(43.49) | 70(47.95) | 127(41.37) | 0.42 |
| Hypercreatinemia | 15 (3.31) | 6 (4.11) | 9 (2.93) | 0.51 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 192 (42.38) | 64 (43.84) | 128 (41.69) | 0.67 |
| Hypercholesteremia | 256 (56.51) | 81 (55.48) | 175 (57.00) | 0.76 |
| HbA1c at baseline (%) | 5.61±0.78 | 5.99±0.92 | 5.43±0.62 | <0.01 |
| HbA1c<5.2% | 158(34.88) | 31 (21.23) | 127 (41.37) | <0.01 |
| 5.2≤HbA1c<6.4 | 213(47.02) | 52 (35.62) | 161 (52.44) | |
| HbA1c≥6.4% | 82(18.10) | 63 (43.15) | 19 (6.19) | |
| HbA1c in 2008(%) | 5.74±0.44 | 5.71±0.43 | 5.75±0.45 | 0.36 |
| HbA1c in 2009(%) | 5.94±0.43 | 5.94±0.44 | 5.93±0.42 | 0.88 |
| HbA1c in 2010(%) | 5.95±0.42 | 5.96±0.41 | 5.95±0.42 | 0.79 |
| HbA1c in 2011(%) | 5.70±0.35 | 5.69±0.36 | 5.71±0.35 | 0.62 |