Fig 3. Ancestral area optimizations performed with S-DIVA and BBM.
Pie chartsat nodes are conducted from S-DIVA (on the branch above) and BBM (on the branch below). The three thicked arrowheaded lines at branches show four dispersals.
Area labels, as stated in the text: A: Pamir Mountains, Tadjikistan; B: western Tianshan Mountains, plus parts of Kyrgistan and Kazakhstan; C: Tarbagatai Mountains, including adjacent regions of China and Kazakhstan; D: East Asia, mountains of Shanxi Province, China; E: Caucasus, and plains along the Volga River and Don River.