Table 4. Short- and long-term intervention effects on physical activity, sedentary activity and nutrition.
| T0 (N = 751) | Change T0—T1 (N = 56 1 ) | Change T0—T2 (N = 591) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | |||||
| Variable | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | B (95% CI) | Cohen’s d | Mean±SD | Mean±SD | B (95% CI) | Cohen’s d |
| Questionnaire data2 | ||||||||||
| Sedentary behavior | 13.81±6.78 | 13.52±6.82 | -3.95±4.40 | -2.35±4.15 | -1.74 (-4.18, 0.70) | -0.31 | -2.71±4.45 | -0.49±4.98 | -2.39* (-4.64, -0.14) | -0.33 |
| Playing outside | 5.07±3.88 | 7.26±4.71 | 3.70±4.89 | 1.18±6.16 | 2.85 (-0.16, 5.86) | 0.56 | 1.19±3.67 | -1.25±3.11 | 1.94* (0.04, 3.84) | 0.55 |
| Sports club | 2.35±2.27 | 1.70±2.35 | 0.06±1.72 | 0.75±1.86 | -0.79 (-1.79, 0.22) | -0.39 | 0.60±2.57 | 0.62±1.43 | -0.71 (-1.83, 0.40) | -0.01 |
| Active transport | 1.82±1.43 | 2.17±1.47 | 0.18±1.22 | -0.15±1.14 | 0.24 (-0.43, 0.92) | 0.25 | 0.23±1.57 | -0.04±0.82 | 0.97 (-0.03, 1.98) | 0.21 |
| Accelerometer3 | ||||||||||
| MVPA | 49.88±16.65 | 51.23±18.37 | 2.69±13.61 | 2.94±21.12 | 1.92 (-7.32, 11.15) | -0.01 | 0.14±11.58 | -4.17±18.47 | 5.15 (-2.37, 12.67) | 0.26 |
| Sedentary | 405.68±63.74 | 425.64±71.37 | 1.85±45.21 | 5.76±70.24 | -17.13 (-52.41, 18.16) | -0.06 | 26.42±57.72 | 46.87±66.34 | -27.85 (-62.39, 6.68) | -0.3 |
| Nutrition | ||||||||||
| Breakfast4 | 6.70±1.02 | 6.86±0.48 | 0.13±1.17 | 0.04±0.60 | -0.01 (-0.36, 0.33) | 0.1 | 0.10±0.75 | 0.14±0.52 | -0.02 (-0.14, 0.10) | -0.06 |
| Snacks4 | 6.42±3.35 | 5.06±3.28 | -1.58±2.00 | -0.19±2.43 | -0.54 (-1.61, 0.53) | -0.42 | -1.38±2.46 | 0.35±2.67 | -0.86 (-2.00, 0.27) | -0.53 |
| Fruits5 | 7.18±3.56 | 8.11±3.98 | 0.97±3.12 | -0.12±3.94 | 0.22 (-1.59, 2.03) | 0.28 | 1.13±4.16 | 1.26±3.81 | -1.02 (0.54, 1.18) | -0.04 |
| Vegetables6 | 405.04±225.60 | 340.51±192.05 | -13.22±112.50 | -64.24±105.60 | 31.02 (-48.54, 110.58) | 0.24 | -17.31±153.15 | -55.69±158.36 | 12.20 (-81.30, 105.70) | 0.17 |
| Soft drinks7 | 10.68±7.87 | 10.00±6.75 | -2.48±5.66 | 1.73±7.00 | -4.89** (-8.20, -1.58) | -0.67 | -1.07±8.20 | 0.14±6.66 | -1.33 (-4.97, 2.32) | -0.17 |
| Water7 | 13.50±9.26 | 11.19±6.71 | 4.82±9.13 | 3.35±7.35 | 1.67 (-3.08, 6.42) | 0.18 | 5.31±10.74 | 1.84±7.40 | 3.87 (-1.76, 9.50) | 0.44 |
Note: T0 = baseline, T1 = 4 months after baseline, T2 = 12 months after baseline, SD = standard deviation, B = regression coefficient, CI = confidence interval, MVPA = Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity.
1maximum number of respondents, numbers differ per outcome measure.
2outcomes measured in hours per week.
3outcomes measured in minutes per day.
4frequency per week.
5pieces per week.
6grams per week.
7glasses per week.
*P<0.05
**P<0.001.