Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis for factors associated with resistance to first line anti-tuberculosis drugs in Dar es salaam, Tanzania (n = 933).
| Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | P | RR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age (years) | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.78 | ||
| Age groups (years) | 0.60 | |||
| 15 - <30 | 1 | |||
| 30–50 | 0.94 (0.55–1.62) | |||
| > 50 | 0.69 (0.21–2.25) | |||
| Sex | 0.86 | |||
| Male | 0.95 (0.53–1.70) | |||
| Female | 1 | |||
| Marital status | 0.41 | |||
| Never married | 1 | |||
| Married /Cohabiting | 1.32(0.75–2.35) | |||
| Divorced/widowed | 1.68 (0.73–3.84) | |||
| Education achieved | 0.71 | |||
| None | 0.35(0.05–2.59) | |||
| Primary | 1.05 (0.57–1.93) | |||
| Secondary & Tertiary | 1 | |||
| Smoking status | 0.85 | |||
| Never smoker | 1 | |||
| Past smoker | 1.25 (0.68–2.25) | |||
| Current smoker | 0.70 (0.17–2.77) | |||
| Alcohol drinking status | 0.68 | |||
| Never drinker | 1 | |||
| Past drinker | 1.36 (0.75–2.25) | |||
| Current drinker | 0.83 (0.26–2.62) | |||
| HIV status | 0.55 | |||
| Positive | 0.80 (0.44–1.55) | |||
| Negative | 1 | |||
| Duration of illness (weeks) | 0.51 | |||
| < 4 | 1 | |||
| ≥ 4 | 1.27 (0.49–1.50) | |||
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | 0.37 | ||
| BMI groups (kg/m2) | 0.06 | 0.24 | ||
| <18.5 | 0.43 (0.14–1.33) | 0.99 (0.56–1.84) | ||
| 18.5–24.99 | 0.66 (0.22–2.01) | 1.94 (0.61–6.16) | ||
| ≥25 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Mean Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 0.92(0.81–1.05) | 0.25 | 0.92 (0.81–1.06) | 0.25 |
| Anemia status | 0.96 | |||
| Yes | 0.98 (0.40–2.37) | |||
| No | 1 | |||
| Average family income per month (USD) | 0.59 | |||
| < 100 | 0.86 (0.49–1.50) | |||
| ≥ 100 | 1 | |||
| Average daily expenditure on food (USD) | 0.17 | 0.76 | ||
| < 3 | 1.43 (0.85–2.41) | 1.09 (0.59–2.01) | ||
| ≥ 3 | 1 | 1 | ||