Table 3.

Associations between coffee consumption loci and other traits

Lead SNP, allele ↑ coffee consumptiona closest gene	Other Traitsb
	higher levels/riskc	lower levels/riskc
rs1260326, C GCKR	non-albumin protein fasting glucose HOMA-IR fasting insulin mannose	serum albumin 2-hr glucose challenge metabolic syndrome glucose/mannose ratio total cholesterol triglycerides hypertriglyceridemia chronic kidney disease uric acid SHBG Crohn’s disease C-reactive protein platelet counts GGT docosapentaenoic acid alanine/glutamine ratio alanine
		LDL (P=2.33×10−4) waist-to-hip-ratio (P=3.40×10−4) bipolar disorder (P=2.31×l0−3)
rs1481012, A ABCG2		LDL response to statins (‘responders’) uric acid
	body mass index (P=4.85×10−3)
rs6968554 , G AHR		caffeine
		HDL (P=1.18×10−3)
rs7800944, C MLXIPL		triglycerides
	HDL (P=2.24×10−3) birth weight (P=2.10×10−3)
rs6265, C BDNF	smoking initiation body mass index
		DBP (P=6.58×10−4)
rs2472297d, T CYP1A1_CYP1A2		caffeine e
		SBP (P=6.81×10−5) DBP (P=6.75×10−6)
rs9902453,G EFCAB5		SBP (P=6.05×10−3)

Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin

^aLead SNP-allele associated with higher coffee consumption.

^bTraits associated with lead SNP (or close proxies: r2>0.80) according to previous GWAS²⁰(Shin et al, 2014). Grey cells denote all GW-significant significant associations (P<5.00 ×l0⁻⁸ 20 or P<1.03 ×l0⁻¹0 (Shin et al, 2014) and white cells denote coffee-relevant trait associations (P<;6.25×l0⁻³). See Supplementary Information for details and references to original GWAS.

^cRelative to allele associated with higher coffee consumption.

^drsl378942 A, also associated with higher coffee consumption (P< 1.46×10⁻¹⁷) in stage 1 of the current report but in low LD with rs2472297 (CEU: r²=0.10), was previously associated with lower DBP in GWAS (P<5,00× 10⁻⁸).

^eBorderline significant (P<1.51 ×10⁻¹⁰) according to Shin et al²¹.