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. 2015 Apr 2;11:85. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0399-4

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© Lei et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Oral administration of recombinant L.lactis /pNZ2103-NA induces NA-specific immune responses in chickens. Chickens were immunized orally with saline, L.lactis/pNZ2103 or L.lactis/pNZ2103-NA at day 0, 1, 2, 3 and day 17, 18, 19, 20. Sera (n = 16/group), intestine (n = 3/group) and upper respiratory (n = 3/group) washes were collected at day 15 and day 34 after the prime immunization. (A) NA-specific IgG antibody was measured by ELISA in the sera. (B) NA-specific IgA antibody was assessed in the intestinal washes. (C) NA-specific IgA antibody was assessed in the upper respiratory washes. (D) NI titers were determined using rNA protein. Data are presented as the means ± standard deviations (S.D.). The asterisk indicates a significant difference between L.lactis/pNZ2103-NA and other groups (saline or L.lactis/pNZ2103) (* p < 0.05).