Table 2.
Summary of Kupperman index and hot flush frequency reported in the studies included in the meta-analysis. Data are given as mean (standard deviation), except for side-effects which are reported as a number
|
Number of women |
Baseline KI |
KI after intervention |
Baseline hot flush frequency (/day) |
Hot flush frequency after intervention (/day) |
Side-effect number |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Placebo | Phyto | Placebo | Phyto | Placebo | Phyto | Placebo | Phyto | Placebo | Phyto | Placebo | Phyto |
| Aso15 | 60 | 66 | 2.9 (2.1) | 3.2 (2.4) | 1.9 (NA) change from baseline: −1.0 (2.0) |
1.3 (NA) change from baseline: −1.9 (1.8) |
||||||
| Atkinson16 | 103 | 102 | 2.5 (3.0) | 2.1 (2.7) | 1.5 (2.0) change from baseline: −1.0 (1.8) |
1.2 (2.3) change from baseline: −0.8 (2.1) |
||||||
| Cancellieri17 | 65 | 60 | 19.6 (8.5) | 20.8 (9.1) | 12.2 (7.2) | 9.6 (5.7) | ||||||
| Del Giorno18 | 50 | 50 | 25.12 (9.02) | 25.34 (10.17) | 12.01 (9.01) | 11.12 (8.68) | ||||||
| Ferrari19 | 94 | 82 | 23.5 (7.1) | 23.4 (8.3) | 16.1 (7.6) | 17.5 (10.0) | 7.5 (2.8) | 8.0 (3.3) | 5.3 (3.8) | 4.7 (4.2) | 8 | 6 |
| Han20 | 40 | 40 | 40.3 (7.6) | 44.6 (6.3) | 41.6 (7.0) | 24.9 (10.8) | ||||||
| Lewis11 | 33 | 33 | 4.72 (3.04) | 4.08 (2.38) | 3.79 (3.00) | 3.37 (2.55) | ||||||
| Nahas21 | 38 | 38 | 10.1 (4.9) | 9.6 (3.9) | 5.9 (4.3) | 3.1 (2.3) | 4 | 7 | ||||
| Penotti22 | 34 | 28 | 8.6 (2.9) | 9.9 (4.5) | 4.0 (3.9) | 4.6 (3.8) | ||||||
| Petri Nahas23 | 25 | 26 | 20.05 (6.14) | 21.10 (6.11) | 13.5 (5.0) | 12 (6.0) | 6.4 (2.4) | 7 (1.8) | 5.2 (2.8) | 3.0 (2.1) | 2 | 7 |
| Riesco24 | 21 | 19 | 17.0 (9.35) | 13.3 (9.9) | 15.7 (9.0) | 12.3 (9.56) | ||||||
| Sammartino25 | 36 | 39 | 31 (2.5)∗ | 31 (3)∗ | 26 (1.5)∗ | 8 (1)∗ | ||||||
| Tice26 | 85 | 167 | 7.8 (2.35) | 8.3 (3.83) | 5.0 (3.76) | 5.25 (4.17) | 33 | 59 | ||||
| van de Weijer27 | 14 | 16 | 5.75 (5) | 5.43 (2.6) | 6.04 (5.5) | 3.35 (3) | ||||||
| Van Patten28 | 64 | 59 | 7.4 (6.4) | 7.1 (4.3) | 4.9 (3.9) | 5.3 (4.1) | 14 | 28 | ||||
KI, Kupperman index; Phyto, phytoestrogen; NA, not available
∗, Mean and standard deviation were estimated from median and range29