Table 2.
Histology data from renal papillary tissue (n = 3).
| Pretreatment | EG treatment | Crystal deposits |
|---|---|---|
| CTR | 0 | |
| EPI | 0 | |
| RGS | 0 | |
| WGS | 0 | |
| CTR | EG | +++ |
| EPI | EG | +++ |
| RGS | EG | + |
| WGS | EG | ++ |
(CTR): control with no pretreatment, (EPI): epicatechin pretreatment, (RGS): red grape seed extract pretreatment, (WGS): white grape seed extract pretreatment, and (EG): ethylene glycol/NH4Cl treatment.
0 = no crystallization; + = mild crystallization; ++ = moderate crystallization; and +++ = severe crystallization.