TABLE 6.
Reported of lengths of stay for the initiation of long-term ventilation from the published literature
| Author (reference), year; country | Study population | Sample size | Length of stay | Discharge destination |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appierto et al (23), 2002; Italy | Central nervous system (26%) Upper airway (26%) Spinal muscular atrophy (22%) Other myopathies (6.5%) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (6.5%) Tracheomalacia (6.5%) CCHS (4.3%) Congenital scoliosis (2.2%) |
Tracheostomy (n=46); tracheostomy and ventilation (n=34/46) | 109.5 days (IQR 54–214 days) | 100% discharged home |
| Graf et al (24), 2008; United States | Reason for tracheostomy: Inadequate airway protection (37%) Chronic lung disease (23%) Airway obstruction (25%) Central hypoventilation (9%) Neuromuscular disease (6%) |
Tracheostomy only (n=70); tracheostomy and ventilation (n=33/70) | Median 46 days | 81% discharged home |
| DeWitt et al (25),1993; United States | Initiated on long-term ventilation: Muscle weakness (65%) Central hypoventilation (20%) Chronic lung disease (15%) |
n=54 | Time from medical stability to discharge, mean ± SD 118±144 days | 51/54 discharged home; 3/54 in foster care |
| Edwards et al (14), 2005; United Kingdom | Chronic lung disease (31%) Neuromuscular disease (18%) Central nervous system (3%) Trachebronchomalacia (15%) Metabolic disorder (5%) Other (28%) |
n=39 | Median 9.6 months (range 3.6 months to 3.5 years) | 35/39 discharged home; 4/39 remained in hospital |
| Fraser et al (27),1998; United Kingdom | Chronic lung disease (10%) Central nervous system (23%) Respiratory (15%) Neuromuscular (8%) Skeletal dysplasia (8%) Other (36%) |
n=40 | Median 78 days (IQR 44–254 days) from tracheostomy to discharge | Unclear |
| Oktem et al (17), 2008; Turkey | Central nervous system (21%) Chronic lung disease (62%) Neuromuscular disorders (18%) |
Tracheostomy only (n=34); tracheostomy and ventilation (n=11/34) | Median 64 days | Not specified |
| Tearl et al (26), 2006; United States | Airway obstruction (36%) Neuromuscular disorders (32%) Chronic lung disease (31%) |
n=74 | Preintervention: mean ± SD 82±45 days Postintervention: mean ± SD 48±44 days |
100% of patients discharged home |
CCHS Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome; IQR Interquartile range