Table 1.
Chromodomain Proteins, Associated Mouse and Human Phenotypes, Stem Cells, Interacting Proteins, and Target Binding Sites
| Protein | Mouse phenotypes | Human phenotypes | Stem cell type | Interacting proteins | Binding sites | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHD1 | Prostate cancer | ES cells | Mediator complex | H3K4me3 | [11,22,30,31,84] | |
| AT-rich | ||||||
| iPS cells | NCoR, HDAC1/2 | sequences | ||||
| CHD2 | −/−lethal | Epilepsy | Mesenchymal stem cells | H3.3 | [39,69,70,77,96,97] | |
| CHD3 | NuRD, HDAC1/2, ATR, TRIM27 | [69,70,77,98] | ||||
| CHD4/Mi-2b | Epilepsy | Hematopoietic stem cells | NuRD | H3K4 | [26–28,44,46,86,98] | |
| Uterine cancer | Neural stem cells | Polycomb | H3K9me3 | |||
| Dermatomyositis | ||||||
| CHD5 | −/−viable; males infertile | 1p36 deletion | Neural stem cells | NuRD | H3K4 | [12,87,89,99,100] |
| Tumor suppressor | H3K27me3 | |||||
| CHD6 | ID | RNA Pol II | [73] | |||
| CHD7 | −/−lethal | CHARGE | ES cells | P300, others | Sox2, Oct4, Nanog Neurod, Rxrg, Rarb, Twist, Sox9 | [12,32,51,52,64,101] |
| Neural stem cells | SOX2, PBAF | |||||
| +/−CHARGE-like | Autism, ID | Neural crest cells | ||||
| CHD8 (Duplin) | −/−lethal | Autism | β-catenin | [82] | ||
| ID | CTCF, CHD7 | |||||
| CHD9 (CReMM) | Mesenchymal stem cells | GR, PPAR-α | Osteocalcin | [40,41] |
CHD, chromodomain helicase DNA-binding; ES, embryonic stem; iPS, induced pluripotent stem; CHARGE, Coloboma, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth and development, Genital hypoplasia, and Ear abnormalities, including deafness and vestibular disorders; CReMM, chromatin-related mesenchymal modulator; ID, intellectual disability; NuRD, Nucleosome-Remodeling Deacetylase complex.