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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pain Med. 2014 Dec 19;16(4):733–744. doi: 10.1111/pme.12634

Table 1.

Patient demographics by group

Escalating (n = 23) Stable (n = 223) P-valuea Adjusted P-valueb
Age, mean (sd) 48.3 (17.7) 53.4 (16.8) 0.14 0.48
Sex, n (%)
 Male 9 (39%) 105 (47%)
 Female 14 (61%) 118 (53%)
Hispanicc, n (%) 4 (17%) 20 (9%)
Raced, n (%) 0.61 0.61
 Caucasian 19 (83%) 148 (77%)
 African-American 1 (4%) 15 (8%)
 Asian 0 (0%) 9 (5%)
 Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander 0 (0%) 3 (2%)
 Other 3 (13%) 18 (9%)
a

Groups were compared using the Wilcoxon two-sample test for age and Fisher’s exact test for race. The P-value for race indicates comparison of white versus non-white patients.

b

Adjusted for multiple comparisons using Holm’s step-down procedure

c

Data are missing for 4 patients

d

Data are missing for 30 patients