Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging characteristics of aMCI participants
| Variable | Total MCI sample | MCI without anxiety | MCI with anxiety | |d|* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 376 | 220 | 156 | |
| Age at baseline, years | 75.0 (7.26) | 75.2 (7.55) | 74.7 (6.84) | 0.07 |
| Male, % | 64 | 70 | 56 | 0.30 |
| Education, years | 15.6 (3.03) | 15.6 (3.08) | 15.6 (2.98) | <0.01 |
| Modified Hachinski ischemia score | 0.63 (0.71) | 0.64 (0.69) | 0.63 (0.76) | 0.01 |
| Duration of follow-up/period of observation, years | 31.0 (11.4) | 31.2 (11.7) | 30.6 (11.0) | 0.06 |
| % followed for minimum of 24 months | 80.3 | 80 | 80.7 | |
| Number converted to AD | 165 | 87 | 78 | |
| Cognition | ||||
| MMSE at study entry | 27.0 (1.77) | 27.0 (1.73) | 26.9 (1.84) | 0.06 |
| Memory composite score (ADNI-MEM) at baseline | −0.0997 (0.57) | −0.0766 (0.57) | −0.1322 (0.58) | 0.10 |
| Executive Function composite score (ADNI-EF) at baseline | −0.0581 (0.76) | −0.0578 (0.80) | −0.0584 (0.70) | <0.01 |
| Anxiety | ||||
| Baseline NPI-Q anxiety response (yes/no), % Yes | 18 | 0 | 44 | |
| %mild/moderate/severe | 68/29/3 | |||
| Depression | ||||
| Baseline GDS score, possible range 0-15 | 1.53 (1.36) | 1.38 (1.29) | 1.74 (1.42) | 0.27 |
| Highest GDS score during period of observation, mean (sd, range) | 2.59 (2.25) | 2.24 (1.95) | 3.08 (2.54) | 0.38 |
| Highest GDS score during period of observation, % participants | 7.9 | 6.8 | 9.6 | |
| Baseline NPI-Q depression response (yes/no), % Yes | 19 | 14 | 26 | 0.31 |
| Any positive NPI-Q depression response during period of observation, % Yes | 45 | 33 | 62 | 0.61 |
| Highest NPI-Q depression severity score during period of observation, %mild/moderate/severe | 65/32/3 | 78/22/0 | 55/40/5 | |
| Baseline values for AD neuroimaging biomarkers | ||||
| Number | 192 | 140 | ||
| ICV (×103 mL) | 1 586 (174) | 1 556 (158) | 0.18 | |
| Amygdala vol (mL) | 1 027 (202) | 950 (202) | 0.38 | |
| Hippocampal vol (mL) | 2 967 (518) | 2 827 (459) | 0.28 | |
| EC vol (mL) | 1 735 (409) | 1 612 (358) | 0.32 | |
| EC surface area (mm2) | 359 (78) | 370 (78) | 0.14 | |
| EC thickness (mm) | 3.14 (0.521) | 3.11 (0.520) | 0.06 |
Summary statistics are mean (sd) for continuous measures and % for categorical measures
*
Cohen's d statistic to quantify difference between aMCI anxiety+ and noaMCI anxiety-. small (d = 0.20), medium (d = 0.50), large (d = 0.80).