Table 3.

Difference in adjusted means (and 95% CI) for BMI z-scores, waist circumference, and % body fat in childhood (7 years) by prenatal antibiotics and delivery mode: the Mothers and Newborns Study in Northern Manhattan and South Bronx

	BMI z-score	Waist circumference (cm)	% Body fat
2nd or 3rd trimester antibiotics
No	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	0.47 (0.19, 0.74)	3.13 (0.68, 5.59)	1.86 (0.33, 3.39)
Delivery mode
Vaginal	Reference	Reference	Reference
Cesarean	0.22 (−0.02, 0.46)	1.35 (−0.82, 3.50)	1.04 (−0.33, 2.41)

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index. All models exclude those missing information on pre-gravid BMI, gestational age and birth weight, and only include those with gestational age <37 weeks. Models adjusted for sex, ethnicity (Dominican/African-American), offspring birth weight (tertiles), maternal age (tertiles), maternal pre-gravid BMI (tertiles), maternal receipt of public assistance during pregnancy (yes/no), having breastfed in first year (yes/no) and either prenatal antibiotic use (yes/no) or mode of delivery. n=396 (67 with and 329 without 2nd or 3rd trimester antibiotics; 90 with and 306 without cesarean section) for % body fat analyses and 391 (65 with and 326 without 2nd or 3rd trimester antibiotics; 91 with and 300 without cesarean section) for waist circumference analyses (CS).