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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Behav Brain Res. 2015 Feb 23;286:71–79. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.02.033

Pup vocalization count and duration varies with advancing pup age (3A). PND-4 pups produced the most vocalizations. Different letters denote significantly different groups. In PND-1 pups, the presence of an alloparent providing care was associated with significantly fewer vocalizations both during the first and last 5 min (3B). In PND-4 pups warming the ambient temperature to 36°C also significantly decreased the number of vocalizations (3C) * denotes p < 0.05 post-hoc comparisons.

Pup vocalization count and duration varies with advancing pup age (3A). PND-4 pups produced the most vocalizations. Different letters denote significantly different groups. In PND-1 pups, the presence of an alloparent providing care was associated with significantly fewer vocalizations both during the first and last 5 min (3B). In PND-4 pups warming the ambient temperature to 36°C also significantly decreased the number of vocalizations (3C) * denotes p < 0.05 post-hoc comparisons.