The model reproduces overexpression phenotypes of frq, wc-1, and csp-1. (A) Clock period as a function of the rate of frq overexpression, k01 in wild-type genetic background. (B) Clock period as a function of wc-1 overexpression rate, k03, in wild-type genetic background. (C) Clock period as a function of wc-1 overexpression rate, k03, in wc-1ko genetic background (the wc-1 expression rate constant k7 = 0). (D) Clock period as a function of k04, simulating the rate of csp-1 overexpression in qa-2 promoter knock-in experiment (the csp-1 expression rate constant k16 = 0).