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. 2015 Mar 13;112(11):177–184. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2015.0177

eTable 3. Additional procedures in patients with concomitant valgus or varus hindfoot deformity.

Patients with valgus hindfoot deformity
Supramalleolar valgus deformity Supramalleolar tibial osteotomy:

  • Medial closing tibial osteotomy (e43– e45)
Isolated valgus defective heel position Corrective calcaneal osteotomy:

  • Medial sliding calcaneal osteotomy (e46)
Flexible pes planovalgus et abductus deformity Corrective calcaneal osteotomy:

  • Lateral sliding calcaneal osteotomy (e47)


Tendon transfer:

  • Flexor digitorum longus to tibialis posterior (e48)
Rigid pes planovalgus et abductus deformity Corrective arthrodesis of the hindfoot:*

  • Subtalar arthrodesis (e49)

  • Triple arthrodesis with or without calcaneocuboidal joint (e50)
Medial instability Medial ligament stabilization:

  • Anatomical reconstruction with transosseous sutures (e51)

  • Reconstruction with tendon autograft (e52)
Patients with varus hindfoot deformity
Supramalleolar varus deformity Supramalleolar tibial osteotomy:

  • Medial opening tibial osteotomy (with supramelleolar deformity < 10°) (e44, e45, e53)

  • Lateral closing tibial osteotomy (with supramelleolar deformity > 10°) (e44, e45, e53)
Flexible varus abnormal heel position Corrective calcaneal osteotomy:M

  • Dwyer calcaneal osteotomy (e54)

  • Z-shaped calcaneal osteotomy (e55)
Rigid inframalleolar varus alignment Corrective arthrodesis of the hindfoot:

  • Subtalar arthrodesis (e49)
Lateral instability Lateral ligament stabilization:

  • Anatomical reconstruction with transosseous stitches (e56)

  • Reconstruction with tendon autograft (e57)

*Depends on extent of deformity and degenerative changes