Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 9.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Jan 6;65(1):72–84. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.10.025

FIGURE 2. Practical CSA Management in Patients With Heart Failure.

FIGURE 2

Current treatment strategies for central sleep apnea (CSA) focus on either improving heart failure (HF) or reducing CSA itself. ACE-I = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; OSA = obstructive sleep apnea; SDB = sleep-disordered breathing; Sxs = symptoms.