Table 5.
Socio-demographic characteristics of the study population in 1996 and 2002
| 1996 | 2002 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | N (1525) | Percentage | N (1500) | Percentage |
| Age groups | ||||
| 15-24 | 278 | 18.23 | 267 | 17.80 |
| 25-34 | 523 | 34.30 | 602 | 40.13 |
| 35-44 | 383 | 25.11 | 380 | 25.33 |
| 45+ | 341 | 22.36 | 251 | 16.73 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 847 | 55.54 | 829 | 55.27 |
| Female | 678 | 44.46 | 671 | 44.73 |
| Educational level | ||||
| Illiterate | 155 | 10.16 | 190 | 12.67 |
| Literate | 1368 | 89.70 | 1297 | 86.47 |
| Missing | 2 | 0.13 | 13 | 0.87 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 1141 | 74.82 | 1180 | 78.67 |
| Others | 384 | 25.18 | 320 | 21.33 |
| Religion | ||||
| Non-Muslim | 219 | 14.36 | 122 | 8.13 |
| Muslim | 1306 | 85.64 | 1378 | 91.87 |
| Religiosity | ||||
| Non-religious | 237 | 15.54 | 43 | 2.87 |
| Religious | 1240 | 81.31 | 1331 | 88.73 |
| Missing | 48 | 3.15 | 126 | 8.40 |
| Individual’s class | ||||
| Lower | 325 | 21.31 | 412 | 27.47 |
| Middle | 771 | 50.56 | 663 | 44.20 |
| Upper | 394 | 25.84 | 405 | 27.00 |
| Missing | 35 | 2.30 | 20 | 1.33 |
| Family’s economic situation in past year | ||||
| Saved money | 346 | 22.69 | 443 | 29.53 |
| Got by | 514 | 33.70 | 830 | 55.33 |
| Spent savings | 160 | 10.49 | 131 | 8.73 |
| Spent savings & borrowed | 147 | 9.64 | 84 | 5.60 |
| Missing | 358 | 23.48 | 12 | 0.80 |
| Linking social capital | ||||
| No | 750 | 49.18 | 529 | 35.27 |
| Yes | 775 | 50.82 | 971 | 64.73 |
| Self-rated health | ||||
| Good health | 714 | 46.82 | 874 | 58.27 |
| Average health | 685 | 44.92 | 552 | 36.80 |
| Poor health | 126 | 8.26 | 71 | 4.73 |
| Missing | - | - | 3 | 0.20 |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age (in years) | 35.45 | 12.28 | 33.96 | 11.52 |
| Years of schooling | 4.82 | 2.16 | 4.70 | 2.64 |
| HH status in income scale | 4.48 | 2.10 | 4.68 | 1.83 |
| Financial satisfaction | 6.07 | 2.35 | 5.57 | 2.23 |
| Control over life | 6.32 | 2.68 | 5.65 | 2.27 |
| Current political situation | 6.84 | 2.14 | 5.32 | 2.39 |
| Life satisfaction | 6.41 | 2.25 | 5.78 | 2.18 |
Notes: SD: standard deviation; HH: household.