Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants.
| Coronary artery stenosis | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (−) | (+) | ||
| n = 19 | n = 17 | ||
| Age (years) | 57 ± 15 | 62 ± 7 | 0.094 |
| Male/female | 9/10 | 12/5 | 0.192 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 ± 5.7 | 27.2 ± 4.8 | 0.642 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 3.0 (1.0–11.0) | 6.0 (12.0–20.5) | 0.007 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 12 (63) | 14 (82) | 0.274 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 123 ± 19 | 138 ± 15 | 0.015 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73 ± 13 | 77 ± 10 | 0.448 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 10 (53) | 8 (47) | 1.000 |
| Retinopathy, n (%) | 3 (16) | 12 (71) | 0.002 |
| Nephropathy, n (%) | 6 (32) | 11 (65) | 0.057 |
| Neuropathy, n (%) | 12 (63) | 14 (83) | 0.274 |
| HbA1c (%) | 10.1 ± 1.8 | 9.5 ± 1.3 | 0.313 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 8.1 ± 2.4 | 7.9 ± 2.0 | 0.856 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.02 ± 0.96 | 4.58 ± 0.97 | 0.183 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.13 ± 0.82 | 2.76 ± 0.79 | 0.185 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.20 ± 0.38 | 0.98 ± 0.15 | 0.031 |
| MDA-LDL (U/L) | 70 ± 40 | 93 ± 57 | 0.161 |
| MDA-LDL/LDL-C (U/mmol) | 23.3 ± 12.3 | 32.9 ± 11.3 | 0.020 |
| MDA-LDL/HDL-C (U/mmol) | 63.8 ± 45.3 | 100.3 ± 74.4 | 0.080 |
| (MDA-LDL/LDL-C)/HDL-C (U·L/mmol2) | 21.3 ± 13.8 | 34.9 ± 15.2 | 0.008 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.50 ± 0.60 | 1.82 ± 0.71 | 0.148 |
| Medications, n (%) | |||
| Insulin treatment | 8 (42) | 3 (18) | 0.156 |
| Sulfonylurea | 6 (32) | 6 (35) | 1.000 |
| Glinides | 2 (11) | 2 (12) | 1.000 |
| Metformin | 7 (37) | 9 (53) | 0.503 |
| Thiazolidinedione | 0 (0) | 2 (12) | 0.216 |
| α-Glucosidase inhibitor | 0 (0) | 3 (18) | 0.095 |
| Incretin-related therapies | 5 (26) | 8 (47) | 0.299 |
| Statin | 8 (42) | 7 (41) | 1.000 |
Data are mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). BMI: body mass index; hypertension: systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg or treatment; MDA-LDL: malondialdehyde-modified LDL; MDA-LDL-C/LDL-C: MDA-LDL-to-LDL cholesterol ratio; MDA-LDL-C/HDL-C: MDA-LDL-to-HDL cholesterol ratio; (MDA-LDL/LDL-C)/HDL-C: (MDA-LDL/LDL-C) to HDL cholesterol ratio.