Table 2.
Prevalence of smoking among men and women by variables examined, ELSA-Brasil, baseline (2008–10)
| Variables | Men (n = 5712) | Women (n = 6251) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-smokers (n = 4865) | Smokers (n = 847) | Non-smokers (n = 5468) | Smokers (n = 783) | |
| Mean age (SD) | 49.5 (7.6) | 49.8 (6.6) | 48.8 (7.2) | 49.6 (6.0)*** |
| Income, terciles Mean (SD) | 1579.9(1245.4) | 1310.7(1122.6)*** | 1669.4(1304.7) | 1515.2(1322.9)*** |
| Educational level | ||||
| Never attended school or incomplete elementary school | 73.6 | 26.4*** | 80.3 | 19.7*** |
| Complete elementary school | 76.9 | 23.1 | 79.1 | 20.9 |
| High school | 81.8 | 18.2 | 83.8 | 16.2 |
| University degree | 91.3 | 8.7 | 91.3 | 8.7 |
| Postgraduate | 88.3 | 11.7 | 90.3 | 9.7 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 86.1 | 13.9*** | 89.6 | 10.4*** |
| Separated or widowed | 79.1 | 20.9 | 82.7 | 17.3 |
| Single | 86.8 | 13.2 | 89.7 | 10.3 |
| Weekly hours worked Mean (SD) | 44.8 (11.4) | 43.3 (10.5)*** | 42.1 (10.2) | 41.8 (9.6) |
| Job strain | ||||
| Low D/High C (low strain) | 87.3 | 12.7*** | 88.5 | 11.5* |
| High D/High C (active work) | 82.5 | 17.5 | 87.4 | 12.6 |
| Low D/Low C (passive work) | 89.2 | 10.8 | 88.7 | 11.3 |
| High D/Low C (high strain) | 82.3 | 17.7 | 85.3 | 14.7 |
| Demand Mean (SD) | 13.1 (2.8) | 12.9 (2.8) | 13.5 (2.9) | 13.6 (3.2) |
| Control Mean (SD) | 18.2 (2.9) | 17.6 (3.0)*** | 17.7 (2.9) | 17.3 (3.1)** |
| Social support at work Mean (SD) | 20.0 (3.2) | 19.8 (3.4) | 19.5 (3.2) | 19.2 (3.4) |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.010; ***p < 0.001.