. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 9.

Published in final edited form as: Curr HIV Res. 2012 Jan 1;10(1):9–18. doi: 10.2174/157016212799304625

Table 1.

Classes and Mechanism of Action of Non-Specific, Broad Spectrum Microbicide Candidates Evaluated in Phase 3 Efficacy Trials

Product	Agent Class	Mechanism of Action
Nonoxynol-9	Detergent	Virucide/Disrupts viral lipid envelope
C31G (Savvy)	Detergent	Virucide/Disrupts viral lipid envelope
Carraguard	Polyanion	Entry Inhibitor/Blocks virus-target cell interaction
Cellulose Sulfate	Polyanion	Entry Inhibitor/Blocks virus-target cell interaction
PRO 2000	Polyanion	Entry Inhibitor/Blocks virus-target cell interaction
BufferGel	Acidifier	Virucide/Presumed to denature viral proteins