Table 2.

Differential table of IgG4-related coronary periarteritis.

Differential	Clinical Presentation	CT Findings	PET Findings
IgG4-Related Coronary Periarteritis	Ranges from asymptomatic to symptoms of coronary ischemia or myocardial infarction.	Nodular or rind-like coronary arterial wall thickening. Stenosis, luminal ectasia, and aneurysm formation may be associated.	Variable FDG uptake.
Kawasaki Disease	Recent history of fever, conjunctival injection, mucositis, cervical lymphadenopathy, rash, and peripheral extremity edema or desquamation.	Coronary aneurysms, usually with calcifications and without pseudotumor formation. May stenose.	Unknown.
Polyarteritis Nodosa	Depends on organ involvement. Most common cardiac presentation is heart failure.	Coronary involvement may include stenosis, dilation, and dissection without pseudotumor formation.	Unknown.
Takayasu Arteritis	History of fever, fatigue, upper body pains, upper extremity pain and neuropathy.	Aortic and large vessel stenosis, dilation, and wall thickening. Coronary involvement rare but may include stenosis and aneurysms with possible calcifications.	Unknown.
Churg-Strauss Syndrome	History of allergic rhinitis, nasal polyposis, and bronchial asthma. Findings of myocarditis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, pericarditis, and pericardial effusion.	Coronary involvement rare but may include stenosis or giant aneurysms.	Unknown.
Lymphoma	“B symptoms” of fever, weight loss, night sweats, and generalized pruritis. Cardiac presentation includes pericardial effusion, heart failure, and AV block.	Enlarged or matted lymph nodes. May surround or encase coronary arteries.	Expected FDG uptake.
Castleman’s Disease	Associated with HIV and HHV-8. May present with symptoms related to a mass in unicentric disease and “B symptoms” in multicentric disease.	Largely indistinguishable from lymphoma. Case report of a coronary pseudotumor with calcifications.	Unknown.
Rosai-Dorfman Disease	Bilateral painless cervical lymphadenopathy.	Homogeneous soft tissue densities and local lymphadenopathy. Masses may surround vessels, including coronaries, and are usually without significant calcifications.	Unknown.