. 2015 Apr 1;6(5):482–489. doi: 10.7150/jca.11665

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics among three groups of A (serum sodium ≤135 mmol/L, n=96), B (135 mmol/L < serum sodium ≤140 mmol/L, n=520) and C (serum sodium >140 mmol/L, n=554).

Variables	A (n=96)	B (n=520)	C (n=554)	P value A vs. B	P value A vs. C	P value B vs. C
Age (years)	68.9 ± 9.7	68.6 ± 9.1	69.5 ± 9.7	0.792^a	0.580^a	0.139^a
Gender, male / female	70 / 26	351 / 169	303 / 251	0.340^b	<0.001^b	<0.001^b
Causes of liver disease
B/C/non B non C/B and C	9/74/13/0	49/355/110/6	62/387/92/13	0.213^b	0.306^b	0.111^b
Child-Pugh, A / B / C	41/31/24	342/152/26	421/120/13	<0.001^b	<0.001^b	<0.001^b
HCC stage, I / II / III / IV	19/34/19/24	121/190/142/67	150/239/129/36	0.016^b	<0.001^b	0.001^b
Maximum tumor size (cm)	4.1 ± 2.9	3.5 ± 2.8	2.9 ± 2.0	0.052^a	0.001^a	0.009^a
Tumor number (single/multiple)	46 / 50	259 / 261	327 / 227	0.740^b	0.045^b	0.003^b
AST (IU/L)	89.9 ± 80.0	71.9 ± 55.6	63.7 ± 40.9	0.040^a	0.001^a	0.015^a
ALT (IU/L)	61.9 ± 53.2	56.1 ± 44.5	53.3 ± 41.7	0.843^a	0.421^a	0.224^a
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.75 ± 1.86	1.14 ± 0.93	1.09 ± 1.00	0.001^a	<0.001^a	0.547^a
Serum albumin (g/dL)	3.23 ± 0.59	3.59 ± 0.54	3.72 ± 0.49	<0.001^a	<0.001^a	<0.001^a
ALP (IU/L)	496.7 ± 313.5	422.8 ± 228.2	377.9 ± 218.4	0.047^a	<0.001^a	<0.001^a
GGT (IU/L)	152.8 ± 203.7	121.9 ± 150.0	94.9 ± 124.4	0.425^a	0.003^a	<0.001^a
Serum sodium (mmol/L)	133.4 ± 2.6	138.8 ± 1.2	142.4 ± 1.5	<0.001^a	<0.001^a	<0.001^a
Diabetes mellitus, yes / no	37 / 59	157 / 363	95 / 459	0.120^b	<0.001^b	<0.001^b
Prothrombin time (%)	75.6 ± 19.9	78.8 ± 17.1	80.5 ± 17.3	0.046^a	0.005^a	0.038^a
Platelets (×10⁴/mm³)	10.8 ± 6.6	10.4 ± 5.1	9.8 ± 4.4	0.976^a	0.627^a	0.296^a
AFP (ng/mL)^#	7774 ± 39861	6800 ± 45168	3453 ± 44921	0.715^a	0.591^a	0.091^a
DCP (mAU/mL)^##	6807 ± 31845	4522 ± 21198	2108 ± 9370	0.237^a	0.002^a	<0.001^a

Data are expressed as number or mean ± standard deviation. HCC; hepatocellular carcinoma, AST; aspartate aminotransferase, ALT; alanine aminotransferase, ALP; alkaline phosphatase, GGT; gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, AFP; alpha-fetoprotein, DCP; des-γ-carboxy prothrombin, ^a;Mann-Whitney U test, ^b;Fisher's exact test. ^#;missing data, n=2, ^##;missing data, n=15