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Proposed scheme of the effect of Borrelia infection on metabolic and signaling pathways within host cells. This scheme shows the cells normal processes (solid arrows) used to scavenge free radicals and maintain calcium homeostasis. The proposed effect of Borrelia infection is shown (dashed arrows) by the induced state of oxidative stress, disrupted calcium homeostasis, increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, and ultimately, mitochondrial dysfunction.
