Fig. 1.
An overview of human lipoprotein metabolism and the effects of insulin on lipoprotein metabolism. (1) Insulin inhibits hormone-sensitive lipase. (2) Insulin inhibits hepatic VLDL production. (3) Insulin activates LPL. (4) Insulin increases LRP expression on the plasma membrane. (5) Insulin increases LDL receptor (LDL-R) expression. CE, cholesterol ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; HDLn, nascent HDL HL, hepatic lipase; HSL, hormone-sensitive lipase; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; SR-B1, scavenger receptor B1; TAG, triacylglycerol