Table 2.

Time trends in annual total ankle arthroplasty utilization by race

Year	White	Black	P value
1998	0.14	0.07	<0.0001
1999	0.32	0.04	<0.0001
2000	0.29	0.07	<0.0001
2001	0.52	0.01	<0.0001
2002	0.35	0.13	<0.0001
2003	0.33	0.08	<0.0001
2004	0.40	0.06	<0.0001
2005	0.25	0.07	<0.0001
2006	0.18	0.05	<0.0001
2007	0.26	0.05	<0.0001
2008	0.47	0.10	<0.0001
2009	0.58	0.18	<0.0001
2010	0.90	0.09	<0.0001
2011	1.17	0.33	<0.0001

Total ankle arthroplasty utilization rates increased from 1998 to 2011: White, P <0.0001; Black, P <0.0001 (Cochran Armitage trend test for time trends). White–Black disparity was significantly more in 2011 compared with 1998: P <0.0001.