Table 6.
Total lipid content (TL; mg/g DW), total fatty acids content (FA; mg/g DW), and percentages of each fatty acid of Echium acanthocarpum hairy roots at sampling point 5 cultured for 25 days (culture B1) or 55 days (cultures C1–C4).
| Sampling point 5 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | |
| TL (mg/g DW) | 35.00 ± 5.40 | 35.58 ± 7.33 | 28.59 ± 6.17 | 42.96 ± 5.50 | 28.34 ± 4.17 |
| FA (mg/g DW) | 8.45 ± 0.87 | 13.71 ± 4.10 | 9.38 ± 0.84 | 13.29 ± 3.43 | 9.90 ± 1.71 |
| Fatty acids | |||||
| 14:0 | 0.23 ± 0.02 | 0.14 ± 0.03 | 0.06 ± 0.10 | 0.08 ± 0.14 | 0.11 ± 0.09 |
| 16:0 | 25.04 ± 1.14 | 20.21 ± 1.81 | 22.02 ± 0.33 | 21.66 ± 0.21 | 23.38 ± 0.70 |
| 18:0 | 2.55 ± 0.21 | 1.82 ± 0.48 | 1.91 ± 0.24 | 1.93 ± 0.31 | 1.86 ± 0.15 |
| 18:1n-9 | 6.77 ± 1.10 | 8.79 ± 2.43 | 4.82 ± 1.14 | 5.66 ± 0.49 | 4.24 ± 1.65 |
| 18:1n-7 | 1.55 ± 0.16 | 0.70 ± 0.06 | 0.74 ± 0.09 | 0.86 ± 0.26 | 0.97 ± 0.14 |
| 18:2n-6 (LA) | 34.55 ± 1.97 | 34.34 ± 3.77 | 34.14 ± 3.44 | 31.95 ± 2.95 | 38.08 ± 1.47 |
| 18:3n-6 (GLA) | 11.77 ± 1.63 | 17.51 ± 1.77 | 19.79 ± 0.61 | 19.92 ± 0.98 | 19.23 ± 0.27 |
| 18:3n-3 (ALA) | 4.22 ± 0.34 | 5.32 ± 0.56 | 5.85 ± 1.60 | 5.96 ± 1.17 | 6.22 ± 0.40 |
| 18:4n-3 (SDA) | 0.88 ± 0.21 | 2.12 ± 0.19 | 2.73 ± 0.47 | 2.75 ± 0.43 | 1.27 ± 0.55 |
| 20:0 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.64 ± 0.30 | 0.84 ± 0.25 | 0.80 ± 0.38 | 0.42 ± 0.05 |
| 22:0 | 2.51 ± 0.35 | 2.42 ± 1.50 | 2.52 ± 1.84 | 2.83 ± 1.32 | 1.35 ± 0.09 |
| 24:0 | 2.08 ± 0.60 | 0.21 ± 0.02 | 0.40 ± 0.17 | 1.81 ± 0.45 | 0.21 ± 0.03 |
| Unknown | 6.08 ± 2.68 | 2.23 ± 0.46 | 1.60 ± 1.12 | 3.50 ± 1.64 | 1.23 ± 0.53 |
|
| |||||
| GLA + SDA | 12.65 ± 1.84 | 19.63 ± 1.96 | 22.52 ± 1.08 | 22.67 ± 1.43 | 20.50 ± 0.82 |
| Total saturated FA | 32.68 ± 2.21 | 27.15 ± 4.25 | 29.37 ± 2.84 | 29.11 ± 2.58 | 28.55 ± 0.60 |
| Total monoene FA | 9.54 ± 1.29 | 11.32 ± 2.42 | 6.52 ± 1.91 | 6.81 ± 0.61 | 5.42 ± 1.81 |
| n-9 | 7.59 ± 1.15 | 10.40 ± 2.41 | 5.38 ± 2.04 | 5.66 ± 0.49 | 4.24 ± 1.65 |
| n-6 | 46.32 ± 3.60 | 51.85 ± 2.00 | 53.93 ± 3.67 | 51.87 ± 2.31 | 57.31 ± 1.70 |
| n-3 | 5.09 ± 0.53 | 7.44 ± 0.42 | 8.58 ± 2.07 | 8.71 ± 1.54 | 7.49 ± 0.16 |
| n-3/n-6 | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 |
| Δ6-des index (n-6) | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 0.34 ± 0.05 | 0.37 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.02 | 0.34 ± 0.01 |
| Δ6-des index (n-3) | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.07 |
| DBI | 1.30 ± 0.08 | 1.57 ± 0.05 | 1.63 ± 0.12 | 1.59 ± 0.10 | 1.63 ± 0.03 |
n-6 and n-3 Δ6-desaturation indexes were calculated as 18:3n-6/(18:3n-6 + 18:2n-6) and 18:4n-3/(18:4n-3 + 18:3n-3), respectively. Double Bond Index (DBI) was calculated as [(%18:1n) + 2 × (%18:2n) + 3 × (%18:3n) + 4 × (18:4n)]/100. Values represent the mean of three replicates (n = 3) ± SD.