Table 4. Characteristics of Studies Enrolled.
| Studies | Rats | Group | Immunohistochemistry | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Author | Spices | Age | Weight(g) | Group | Sample size/group | Quantitatively evaluated outcomes |
| 2009 | Fall [6] | Fisher | Adult | 170–200 | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+BMMNCs ICI (3week vs 5week) | 40/4 | eNOS, nNOS, apoptotic index |
| 2010 | Albersen [7] | SD | 12w | No mentioned | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ADSCs ICI vs CNI+lystate | 32/4 | a-SMA, collagen III, nNOS |
| 2010 | Kendirci [8] | SD | Adult | 300–350 | Normal vs CNI+PBS vs CNI+ fibroblasts vs CNI+BMSCs ICI vs CNI+P75MSCs ICI | 40/5 | VEGF, NGF, BDNF, FGF, IGF |
| 2012 | Piao [16] | SD | Adult | 250–300 | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ADSCs ICNC vs CNI+BDNF+PLGA vs CNI+ADSCs ICNC +BNDF+PLGA | 50/5 | nNOS, eNOS, cGMP smooth muscle/collagen, |
| 2012 | Qiu [18] | SD | 12w | No mentioned | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ vehicle vs CNI+SVFICI (immediate vs delayed) | 89/4 | a-SMA, neurofilament, smooth muscle/collagen, nNOS |
| 2013 | Jeong [19] | SD | Adult | 250–300 | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ udenafil vs CNI+ADSCs ICNC+BDNF+PLGA vs CNI+ADSCs ICNC+BDNF+PLGA+ udenafil | 30/5 | VEGF, nNOS, cGMP, smooth muscle/collagen, a-SMA, |
| 2013 | You[20] | SD | 8w | 250 | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ADSCs ICI vs CNI+ fibrin sealant vs CNI+ADSCs PPI+ fibrin sealant vs CNI+ADSCs ICI+ ADSCs PPI+ fibrin sealant | 60/6 | a-SMA, nNOS |
| 2013 | IG Kim [22] | SD | 8-10w | No mentioned | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ADSCs ICNC vs CNI+ NGF-hydrogel vs CNI+ADSCs ICNC+ NGF-hydrogel | 25/5 | eNOS, a-SMA |
| 2013 | Choi [23] | SD | 12w | No mentioned | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+BMSCs PPI vs CNI+TDSCs PPI | 32/4 | none |
| 2013 | Ying [24] | SD | 4m | Normal | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ADSCs ICI | 130/3 | myelinated axons, nNOS, smooth muscle/collagen, NADPH-d |
| 2014 | Miyamoto [26] | athymic | 8w | 230–250 | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ alginate gel sponge Sheet vs CNI +BMCD133 ICNC + alginate gel sponge Sheet | 28/4 | VEGF, NGF, blood vessel density, nNOS |
| 2014 | Lee [27] | SD | 8-10w | No mentioned | Normal vs CNI vs CNI+ADSCs+ BDNF+PLGA vs CNI+bFGF-hydrogel ICI vs CNI+ADSCs ICNC+ BDNF+PLGA +bFGF-hydrogel ICI | 75/5 | smooth muscle/collagen, a-SMA, cGMP |
SkMSCs: skeletal muscle-derived stem cells; BMMNCs: bone marrow mononucleated cells; ADSCs: adipose tissue-derived stem cells; BMSCs: bone marrow stem Cells; SVF: adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction; TDSCs: testis-derived stem cells; BMCD133+: Bone Marrow Derived CD133+ Cells. ICI: intracavernousal Injection; ICNC: Injured cavernous nerve cover; PPI: periprostatic implantation.