Table 2. Predictors of a patient with suspected malaria with a diagnostic test result for malaria recorded in Ugandan Primary Health centers.
| Variable | Patients with suspected malaria | Univariate analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 18,415) | % With diagnostic test result for malaria recorded (n = 7,785) | cOR (95% CI) | p Value | aOR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Age group | ||||||
| 1–6 days | 452 | 36.3% | 0.69 (0.57, 0.84) | <.0001 | *0.47 (0.27, 0.85) | 0.01 |
| 7–31 days | 1,321 | 31.3% | 0.55 (0.49, 0.63) | <.0001 | *0.43 (0.29, 0.63) | <0.0001 |
| 1–2 months | 2,181 | 34.0% | 0.63 (0.56, 0.70) | <.0001 | *0.60 (0.51, 0.72) | <0.0001 |
| 2–3 months | 2,572 | 43.4% | 0.93 (0.85, 1.03) | 0.16 | 0.90 (0.78, 1.04) | 0.16 |
| 3–4 months | 3,444 | 42.8% | 0.91 (0.83, 0.99) | 0.04 | 0.90 (0.79, 1.02) | 0.09 |
| 4–5 months | 4,018 | 46.7% | 1.06 (0.98, 1.16) | 0.16 | 1.03 (0.96, 1.11) | 0.42 |
| 5–6 months | 4,427 | 45.2% | ref | Ref | ref | Ref |
| Fever | 15,691 | 41.0% | 0.70 (0.65, 0.76) | <.0001 | *0.56 (0.36, 0.88) | 0.01 |
| Number of diagnoses | ||||||
| Single diagnosis | 6,162 | 41.8% | ref | Ref | ref | Ref |
| Multiple diagnosis | 11,448 | 41.6% | 0.99 (0.93, 1.06) | 0.82 | 0.92 (0.71, 1.19) | 0.53 |
| No Diagnosis | 805 | 56.2% | 1.79 (1.54, 2.07) | <.0001 | *1.38 (1.07, 1.78) | 0.01 |
| Cough or cold diagnosis | 5,594 | 39.6% | 0.85 (0.80, 0.91) | <.0001 | *0.78 (0.66, 0.93) | 0.01 |
| Diarrhea diagnosis | 2,092 | 47.7% | 1.28 (1.17, 1.40) | <.0001 | 1.18 (0.99, 1.40) | 0.06 |
| Pneumonia diagnosis | 2,619 | 34.8% | 0.69 (0.64, 0.75) | <.0001 | *0.65 (0.53, 0.81) | <0.0001 |
| Anemia diagnosis | 245 | 53.5% | 1.57 (1.23, 2.03) | 0.001 | 1.32 (0.85, 2.06) | 0.21 |
| Return visit | 300 | 29.3% | 0.57 (0.44, 0.73) | <.0001 | 0.46 (0.18, 1.17) | 0.96 |
| Health provider | ||||||
| Medical officer | 272 | 50.4% | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Clinical officer | 9,177 | 41.9% | 0.71 (0.56, 0.91) | 0.01 | 1.14 (0.57, 2.27) | 0.71 |
| Nurse | 4,457 | 40.7% | 0.68 (0.53, 0.86) | 0.002 | 1.04 (0.51, 2.10) | 0.92 |
| Midwife | 127 | 39.4% | 0.64 (0.42, 0.98) | 0.04 | 1.05 (0.42, 2.65) | 0.91 |
| Other (less skilled) | 2,206 | 43.6% | 0.76 (0.59, 0.98) | 0.03 | 1.02 (0.47, 2.20) | 0.96 |
| EIR area | ||||||
| Very high | 14,667 | 37.4% | ref | ref | ref | Ref |
| Medium-high | 2,405 | 71.0% | 4.09 (3.73, 4.50) | <.0001 | *3.04 (1.59, 5.78) | 0.001 |
| Low | 360 | 46.8% | 1.47 (1.27, 1.70) | <.0001 | 1.29 (0.56, 2.95) | 0.55 |
| Very low | 573 | 40.7% | 1.15 (0.97, 1.36) | 0.11 | 0.78 (0.23, 2.61) | 0.69 |
| Clinically active staff quartile | ||||||
| Lowest | 5,048 | 35.8% | ref | Ref | ref | Ref |
| 2nd quartile | 5,056 | 41.0% | 1.25 (1.15, 1.35) | <.0001 | *1.33 (1.01, 1.77) | 0.05 |
| 3rd quartile | 4,954 | 50.5% | 1.45 (1.34, 1.57) | <.0001 | *1.72 (1.23, 2.39) | 0.001 |
| Highest | 3,357 | 42.3% | 1.83 (1.67, 2.00) | <.0001 | *1.88 (1.25, 2.82) | 0.002 |
| Lab staff quartile | ||||||
| Lowest | 6,325 | 28.1% | ref | Ref | ref | Ref |
| 2nd quartile | 4,684 | 52.1% | 2.79 (2.57, 3.02) | <.0001 | *2.58 (1.45, 4.62) | 0.001 |
| 3rd quartile | 5,016 | 45.1% | 2.14 (1.98, 2.32) | <.0001 | *1.60 (1.04, 2.44) | 0.03 |
| Highest | 2,390 | 53.9% | 2.99 (2.72, 3.30) | <.0001 | 1.77 (0.73, 4.27) | 0.21 |
| Hospital | 3,028 | 38.7% | 0.84 (0.78, 0.91) | <.0001 | 0.63 (0.39, 1.00) | 0.05 |
| Private Not for Profit | 1,663 | 59.4% | 2.14 (1.93, 2.38) | <.0001 | 1.18 (0.37, 3.81) | 0.78 |
| Antimalarial shortage | 3,710 | 31.7% | 0.57 (0.53, 0.62) | <.0001 | 1.33 (0.74, 2.41) | 0.34 |
| Antibiotic shortage | 8,283 | 39.1% | 0.79 (0.75, 0.84) | <.0001 | 0.95 (0.63, 1.44) | 0.81 |
| ORS shortage | 5,156 | 34.7% | 0.65 (0.60, 0.69) | <.0001 | 0.54 (0.28, 1.06) | 0.07 |
* Statistically significant at 0.05 level.