Table 1.

Adherence Measurements used in Primary Studies

Antiretroviral Adherence Type	Description of Adherence Measurement
1. Still on ART at end of follow-up period (based on chart documentation or patient data)	Participants still on ART medication, measured medical record review at the end of the ART adherence assessment period, with at least 90% of medication taken during the assessment period (through review of patient treatment data; data was not from direct questioning of patients). In these studies, participants were under ART therapy at the start of adherence assessment and participants who left treatment were considered non-adherent.
2. Participant recall of adherence during (percentage of medications taken) during 2–7 day period prior to interview (based upon self-report of percentage of medication taken during period of ART adherence measurement)	Participant recall (first person) of medications taken in the 2–7 days prior to interview. Adherence was defined as reporting having taken at least 90% of prescribed doses of ART medication during this 2–7 day assessment period. Patients self-reported number of pills taken during the 2–7 day period. Patients who had left treatment were not included
3. Participant recall of percentage of ART medication taken from start to end of period of ART adherence evaluation (based upon self-report of percentage of medication taken during period of ART adherence measurement)	Participant recall of adherence to ART medications over the course of the ART adherence assessment period. Participants were considered ART adherent if they reported at least 90% adherence to medications during the ART adherence assessment period. Participants who left treatment were not included.