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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Diabetologia. 2015 Jan 27;58(5):988–996. doi: 10.1007/s00125-015-3498-7

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Schematic diagram of mediation analysis. An association (total effect) between a predictor (P) and outcome (O) can be decomposed to a direct effect and an indirect effect via a mediator (M). In this study, P is parental type 2 diabetes and O is incident offspring diabetes, and we examine three putative mediators—metabolic (MM), genetic (MG) and lifestyle (ML) risk factors