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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 12.
Published in final edited form as: Prog Community Health Partnersh. 2014 Spring;8(1):29–39. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2014.0017

Table 3.

Bivariate Associations for Emergency Room (ER) Visits and Having a Primary Care Physician (PCP) With Participants’ Characteristics (N = 232)

Characteristic Overall ≥2 ER Visits Have a PCP
n (%) n (%) p n (%) p
Age, y (n = 231)
    18–25 22 ( 9.5) 3 (13.6) 0.49 9 (40.9) <0.01
    26–35 47 (20.4) 3 ( 6.4) 31 (66.0)
    36–45 60 (56.0) 4 ( 6.7) 41 (68.3)
    46–64 70 (30.3) 5 ( 7.1) 57 (81.4)
    ≥65 32 (13.8) 5 (15.6) 30 (93.8)
Income, US$ (n = 222)
    <19,999 81 (36.5) 15 (18.5) <0.01 53 (65.4) <0.01
    20,000–39,999 76 (34.2) 3 ( 4.0) 53 (69.7)
    ≥40,000 65 (29.3) 1 ( 1.5) 57 (87.7)
Employment status (n = 230)
    Unemployed 71 (30.9) 11 (15.5) 0.01 52 (73.2) 0.96
    Employed 159 (69.1) 9 ( 5.7) 116 (73.0)
Health insurance status (n = 232)
    Insured 162 (69.8) 16 ( 9.9) 0.30 146 (90.1) <0.01
    Uninsured 70 (30.2) 4 ( 5.8) 23 (32.9)