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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 21.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Immunol. 2014 Dec 10;33:79–106. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032414-112248

Figure 6. The RIPK gene family evolved through a series of gene duplication events.

Figure 6

The reconstructed phylogeny was generated by the Ensembl genome browser (183). Internal nodes correspond to key speciation (purple) and gene duplication (red) events. Branch lengths correspond to rates of evolutionary change. ANKK1 (ankyrin repeat and protein kinase domain-containing protein 1) does not function as a RIP kinase but is closely related to RIPK4 and other RIPKs.